Analysis of the Coupling Behavior of PEM Fuel Cells and DC-DC Converters

Grötsch, Markus; Mangold, Michael; Kienle, Achim

doi:10.3390/en2010071

Cited by 14 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A candidate solution in a PSO optimization problem mimics a bird in the search space, which is called a particle. The PSO algorithm is used to determine possible solutions by moving particles randomly in accordance with some designed rules [2][3][4][5]. A general flowchart of PSO algorithm is given in Fig.…”

Section: -Pso-based Controllers' Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last few decades, Fuel Cells (FCs) have emerged as a potential alternative solution to fossilfuel energy sources [1]. In addition, they are considered among the most promising technologies for electrical power generation [2]. Fuel cells are capable of converting chemical energy directly into electrical energy, without any intermediate step.…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fuel cells are widely used in a broad range of applications, and mainly in the transport industry and electric Vehicles (EVs) [3] as a replacement for conventional engines. FCs are also used for low power generation as they offer many advantages such as low operating temperature, fast response to load changes, high power density, low corrosion, very low noise and environmental friendliness [1,2,4,5]. Types as well as advantages and drawbacks of fuel cell membranes are all summarized in [6].…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A new effective robust nonlinear controller based on PSO for interleaved DC–DC boost converters for fuel cell voltage regulation

et al. 2020

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Output voltage regulation of DC-DC converters has recently gained an increasing attention to face the many system nonidealities. The fast switching behaviour is nonlinear time-varying, the presence of model and measurement uncertainties, and large variations, are all inherited conditions of the PEMFC and load perturbations. Compared to other methods, the obtained results demonstrate a superior performance of the proposed control strategy in terms of its robustness to variations and uncertainties, smooth tracking of a varying set-point and faster transients.

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Section: -Pso-based Controllers' Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A new effective robust nonlinear controller based on PSO for interleaved DC–DC boost converters for fuel cell voltage regulation

et al. 2020

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“…Yet fuel cells have the disadvantage of providing a low output voltage, and are unable to operate in parallel with other types of energy sources [1]. Furthermore, the output voltage provided by a fuel cell is found to vary with its load, according to which a power conditioner is required to boost the output voltage to a specified level for a DC linked load [2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Cost High-Performance Interleaved Inductor-Coupled Boost Converter for Fuel Cells

Chang

Chao

et al. 2016

Energies

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This paper presents an interleaved inductor-coupled converter for a fuel cell. It is designed to boost a low input voltage from a fuel cell to a specified voltage level for DC load or high voltage DC link, thus providing a high-voltage conversion ratio. The presented converter mainly involves coupled inductors and capacitor of voltage doublers for boosting purposes, but the voltage ratings of the involved power switches and diodes, in particular, remain unaffected as the output voltage is boosted. Using an interleaving trigger mechanism, this circuit configuration can not only suppress the input current ripple, but also reduce the current ratings of power switches. In simple terms, it is a low-cost but high-voltage gain converter due to a smaller number of required components and the lower current and voltage ratings of power switches. The operation principles and design steps are detailed herein, and the performance simulations are experimentally validated at the end of the work.

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“…A current topic is the development of hybrid systems [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]; therefore, the addition of peripheral elements, such as auxiliary power units or backup sources intensifies the challenge of modeling highly coupled multi-physical systems. There are also complete studies concerning the design, improvement or modeling of converters for fuel cell applications (e.g., [33][34][35]). Kim, 2015 [36] proposed a process for implementing new renewable energy systems, and offered an analysis of the key factors affecting system performances of fuel cell systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of the Air Supply Subsystem in a PEMFC with Balance of Plant Simulation

et al. 2017

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This paper deals with the design of a control scheme for improving the air supply subsystem of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) with maximum power of 65 kW. The control scheme is evaluated in a plant simulator which incorporates the balance of plant (BOP) components and is built in the aspenONE R platform. The aspenONE R libraries and tools allows introducing the compressor map and sizing the heat exchangers used to conduct the reactants temperature to the operating value. The PEMFC model and an adaptive controller were programmed to create customized libraries used in the simulator. The structure of the plant control is as follows: the stoichiometric oxygen excess ratio is regulated by manipulating the compressor power, the equilibrium of the anode-cathode pressures is achieved by tracking the anode pressure with hydrogen flow manipulation; the oxygen and hydrogen temperatures are regulated in the heat exchangers, and the gas humidity control is obtained with a simplified model of the humidifier. The control scheme performance is evaluated for load changes, perturbations and parametric variations, introducing a growing current profile covering a large span of power, and a current profile derived from a standard driving speed cycle. The impact of the control scheme is advantageous, since the control objectives are accomplished and the PEMFC tolerates reasonably membrane damage that can produce active surface reduction. The simulation analysis aids to identify the safe Voltage-Current region, where the compressor works with mechanical stability.

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Analysis of the Coupling Behavior of PEM Fuel Cells and DC-DC Converters

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

A new effective robust nonlinear controller based on PSO for interleaved DC–DC boost converters for fuel cell voltage regulation

A new effective robust nonlinear controller based on PSO for interleaved DC–DC boost converters for fuel cell voltage regulation

A Low-Cost High-Performance Interleaved Inductor-Coupled Boost Converter for Fuel Cells

Control of the Air Supply Subsystem in a PEMFC with Balance of Plant Simulation

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