Analysis of the COVID-19 Lockdown’s Impact on Air Quality in the Larger Cities of Spain

Lorenzo-Sáez, Edgar; Aliaga, Eloína Coll; Oliver-Villanueva, José-Vicente; Campo, Fernando Prieto del; Lerma-Arce, Victoria

doi:10.3390/su14095613

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…were all monitored the significant decline during the period of COVID-19 [24][25][26]. Air quality in China [27][28][29][30][31], India [32,33], Ecuador [34], Spain [35], Canada [36], Moscow [37], the Middle East [38], etc. during COVID-19 were widely analyzed, and the remote sensing data such as TROOMI [39,40], OMI [41], and MODIS [41] were also widely used in air quality monitoring research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Transportation Operation on Air Quality in China Based on MODIS AOD during the Epidemic

Feng

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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With the rapid growth of automobile numbers and the increased traffic congestion, traffic has increasingly significant effects on regional air quality and regional sustainable development in China. This study tried to quantify the effect of transportation operation on regional air quality based on MODIS AOD. This paper analyzed the space-time characteristics of air quality and traffic during the epidemic by series analysis and kernel density analysis, and quantified the relationship between air quality and traffic through a Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model. The main research conclusions are as follows: The epidemic has a great impact on traffic and regional air quality. PM2.5 and NO2 had the same trend with traffic congestion delay index (CDI), but they were not as obvious as CDI. Both cities with traffic congestion and cities with the worst air quality showed strong spatial dependence. The concentration areas of high AOD value in the east areas of the Hu line were consistent with the two gathering centers formed by cities with traffic congestion in space, and also consistent with the gathering center of cities with poor air quality. The concentration area of AOD decline was consistent with the gathering center formed by cities with the worst air quality. AOD had a strong positive correlation with road network density, and its GWR correlation coefficient was 0.68, then These provinces suitable for GWR or not suitable were divided. This study has a great significance for the transportation planning, regional planning, air quality control strategies and regional sustainable development, etc.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Transportation Operation on Air Quality in China Based on MODIS AOD during the Epidemic

Feng

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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“…On this point, pandemic restrictions, which provide a significant natural testing environment, would help us meet the air pollution challenges. With this purpose, the early studies show that air pollution has generally improved due to COVID-19 lockdowns in many countries worldwide, such as in Argentina [ 19 ], Australia [ 20 ], Austria [ 21 ], Brazil [ 22 ], China [ 23 , 24 , 25 ], France [ 26 ], Greece [ 27 ], India [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ], Indonesia [ 32 ], Iraq [ 33 ], Israel [ 34 ], Italy [ 35 , 36 ], Nepal [ 10 ], Poland [ 37 ], South Korea [ 38 ], Spain [ 11 , 39 , 40 , 41 ], Turkey [ 42 , 43 , 44 ], the United Kingdom [ 45 , 46 ], and the US [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ]. These studies were usually based on statistical comparisons of pollutants considered before, during, and after pandemic lockdowns with either a shorter time frame or few in situ observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Long-Term Impact of COVID-19 Lockdowns in Istanbul

Tan

2022

IJERPH

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The World Health Organization (WHO) have set sustainability development goals to reduce diseases, deaths, and the environmental impact of cities due to air pollution. In Istanbul, although average pollutant concentrations have been on a downward trend in recent years, extreme values and their annual exceedance numbers are high based on the air quality standards of WHO and the EU. Due to COVID-19 lockdowns, statistically significant reductions in emissions were observed for short periods. However, how long the effect of the lockdowns will last is unknown. For this reason, this study aims to investigate the impact of long-term lockdowns on Istanbul’s air quality. The restriction period is approximated to the same periods of the previous years to eliminate seasonal effects. A series of paired t-tests (p-value < 0.05) were applied to hourly data from 12 March 2016, until 1 July 2021, when quarantines were completed at 36 air quality monitoring stations in Istanbul. The findings reveal that the average air quality of Istanbul was approximately 17% improved during the long-term lockdowns. Therefore, the restriction-related changes in emission distributions continued in the long-term period of 476 days. However, it is unknown how long this effect will continue, which will be the subject of future studies. Moreover, it was observed that the emission probability density functions changed considerably during the lockdowns compared to the years before. Accordingly, notable decreases were detected in air quality limit exceedances in terms of both excessive pollutant concentrations and frequency of occurrence, respectively, for PM10 (−13% and −13%), PM2.5 (−16% and −30%), and NO2 (−3% and −8%), but not for O3 (+200% and +540%) and SO2 (−10% and +2.5%).

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“…მსუბუქი და სატვირთო მანქანების გადაადგილებისას ხდება გამონაბოლქვისა და მტვრის ნაწილაკების ემისია, რომელიც დაბინძურების მთავარი წყაროა. ამას ემატება მასშტაბური ხანძრები, ქარიშხალი და სხვა ბუნებრივი თუ ხელოვნური კატასტროფები [4,5,7,8]. დაბინძურებული ჰაერი სიკვდილიანობის ერთ-ერთი ძირითადი რისკ-ფაქტორია (დაახლოებით 12%), განსაკუთრებით განვითარებად ქვეყნებში, რაც მილიონობით ადამიანის სიკვდილის მიზეზი ხდება [6].…”

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General Characterization of the Atmospheric Air of the Big Cities of Georgia, in the Pre-Covid, Covid and Post-Covid Period (2019-2023)

VEPKHVADZE,

KHORBALADZE,

KILADZE

et al. 2023

jecm

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Ambient air pollution is an urgent global problem that plays a crucial role in shaping the overall health of the population. The aim of our research was to assess the quality of ambient air in the big cities of Georgia. As a result of the data analysis, the following trends were revealed: In the pre-Covid period, the air in the big cities of Georgia was quite polluted. During the period of Covid-19, the concentration of many pollutants has returned to normal. In the post-Covid period, air quality has gradually worsened, highlighting the potential benefits of long-term policies aimed at reducing transport and industrial emissions.

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Analysis of the COVID-19 Lockdown’s Impact on Air Quality in the Larger Cities of Spain

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of Transportation Operation on Air Quality in China Based on MODIS AOD during the Epidemic

Effect of Transportation Operation on Air Quality in China Based on MODIS AOD during the Epidemic

The Long-Term Impact of COVID-19 Lockdowns in Istanbul

General Characterization of the Atmospheric Air of the Big Cities of Georgia, in the Pre-Covid, Covid and Post-Covid Period (2019-2023)

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