Analysis of the Ecological Potential of the Mycelium in the Elaboration of Walls and Lying in Social Housing

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the properties of mycelium as an ecological material in the construction of walls and terraces to reduce the environmental impact generated by traditional construction practices. Theoretical Framework: This topic presents the main concepts and theories that support the research, such as the design of ecological materials, comparative study of materials, mycelium as a material for construction, mycofabrication and application of biomaterials in interior design. of social housing. Method: The methodology adopted for this research is quantitative, analyzing data from the study of the mycelium and its comparison with traditional materials, thus generating a spectrum of tests in the experimental process of the material. A data systematization process is generated from mathematical algorithms that operationalize the characteristic features that an ecological material must meet to reduce pollution in its processes from production to commissioning of the material. Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that the characterization of the material within a social housing generates a significant reduction in costs and thanks to its reproductive properties it can generate reuse of the pulverized material and thus obtain a circular economy model. It is shown that the use of mycelium in interior architectural elements generates a reduction in energy consumption of 56%, a bioclimatic contribution of 20% and a reduction in waste pollution of 68%. The limitations of mycelium as an exterior material are contextualized due to its high degree of decomposition and how this composite material can be used for closure elements; Therefore, an extension is needed in the study of mycelium for exterior designs. Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of mycelium as an ecological material are discussed and how it can generate new forms for buildings since, thanks to its extreme malleable and elastic properties, it can expand the generation of architectural elements, which can open the way to its adoption in protected elements outside, contributing to the diversity of architectural design through a clearly organic material. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by promoting the implementation of ecological materials in the Ecuadorian construction system and how the adoption of new materials can generate a reduction in pollution and economize on the high cost of social housing.