Analysis of the Effect of Provisional Ties on the Construction and Current Deformation of Mallorca Cathedral

Pelà, Luca; Bourgeois, Julien; Roca, Pere; Cervera, Miguel; Chiumenti, Michele

doi:10.1080/15583058.2014.996920

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Even more meaningful is the comparison in terms of stresses: in the specific case of this study the peak compressive stresses obtained are approximately 6 times higher in the first modeling (starting from the undeformed configuration) than in the second one (starting from the deformed configuration). This confirms the significant risks previously put forward: the procedures that see a direct and automatic relationship between the surveyed geometrical model and the virtual model for the numerical structural analysis run the risk of a substantial overestimation of the safety level, as well as of a limited effectiveness in representing and understanding the present situation and the path that lead to it (Pelà et al 2006).…”

Section: The Results Of the Numerical Structural Modelssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…But an existing buildingand therefore also the individual components that constitute ithas already undergone, in time, numerous modifications: earthquakes, settlements, material deformation, are in fact among the factors that most commonly modify the original shape and transform the building into what the eye (and tools) see today, modifying at the same time what is not seen, i.e. the state of internal stress of the material (Roca, 2005;Pelà et al, 2006;Coisson et al, 2013). The reduction of processing times that ensues from an automated approach makes it very attractive, but in the context of structures that have considerable structural deformations, a non-critical analysis of the data of the survey may however be a source of a wrong interpretation of the shapes that are currently visible and of the real structural conditions.…”

Section: The Risks Of An Automated Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Laser-Scanner Survey of Structural Disorders: An Instrument To Inspect the History of Parma Cathedral’s Central Nave

Bruno

Coïsson

Cotti

2017

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:This paper presents the use of laser scanner derived data for the study of the structural disorders in the central nave of the Parma Cathedral. An accurate three-dimensional model of the entire nave was realized to investigate deformations, in order to reconstruct the original conformation and the subsequent evolutions, also in comparison with previous surveys. Specifically, for the analysis presented in the paper, seven scans were performed, one for each bay: the results allowed to compare the deformations on the seven vaults, on the transverse and diagonal arches, giving first hints on the possible differences in the behaviour between the different elements. The measures on the levels of floor and pillars bases were analysed in a historical monitoring approach, in order to retrace the evolution of the differential settlements in time, since the construction of the building. Moreover, a structural analysis has been carried out on one transverse arch with distinct element analysis, with two different approaches. In one case, the structure was inserted exactly as surveyed, and then subjected to the actions. In the second case, the original geometry, before the deformation, was retraced through a parametric approach and the structural analysis basically started at the beginning of the building's life, thus trying to model not only the present structural situation, but also the path which led to the current deformation. The results were particularly meaningful as they showed that in the first case, disregarding the footsteps of history, the stress pattern inside the masonry was very different from the one obtained in the second case, which is more likely to represent the present conditions.

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Section: The Results Of the Numerical Structural Modelssupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: The Risks Of An Automated Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-Scanner Survey of Structural Disorders: An Instrument To Inspect the History of Parma Cathedral’s Central Nave

Bruno

Coïsson

Cotti

2017

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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“…The model can account for irreversible deformations through a simple and efficient algorithm, within the context of continuum damage mechanics. The above properties, as well as the limited number of involved material parameters and the simple explicit formulation, make it a suitable model for the seismic analysis of large concrete and masonry structures [34,35,36,37].…”

Section: Constitutive Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking multi-directional intersecting cracks in numerical modelling of masonry shear walls under cyclic loading

2017

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In-plane cyclic loading of masonry walls induces a complex failure pattern composed of multiple diagonal shear cracks, as well as flexural cracks. The realistic modelling of such induced localized cracking necessitates the use of costly direct numerical simulations with detailed information on both the properties and geometry of masonry components. On the contrary, computationally efficient macro-models using standard smeared-crack approaches often result in a poor representation of fracture in the simulated material, not properly localized and biased by the finite element mesh orientation. This work proposes a possible remedy to these drawbacks of macro-models through the use of a crack-tracking algorithm. The macro-modelling approach results in an affordable computational cost, while the tracking algorithm aids the mesh-bias independent and localized representation of cracking. A novel methodology is presented that allows the simulation of intersecting and multi-directional cracks using tracking algorithms. This development extends the use of localized crack approaches using tracking algorithms to a wider field of applications exhibiting multiple, arbitrary and interacting cracking. The paper presents also a novel formulation including into an orthotropic damage model the description of irreversible deformations under shear loading. The proposed approach is calibrated through the comparison with an experimental test on a masonry shear wall against in-plane cyclic loading.

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“…Examples that could be cited include, in France, the flying buttresses of the Church of Saint Urbain de Troyes [13] ( Figure 2B), where the red points (A and C) are the starting points of the two arches, and between which the unevenness of the flying buttress must be bridged, and those of the Cathedral of Beauvais, which alternate a first line of ramps of a single arch of circumference with another of two arches ( Figure 3A) [14]. In Spain, for example, there are the original flying buttresses of the cathedral of Palma de Mallorca, made up of two rampant arches of one and two circumferential arches, integrated into a single flying buttress ( Figure 3B) [15]. The rampant arches consisting of two circumferential arches The flying buttresses appeared for the first time in Durham Cathedral around the year 1100 as an evolution of the hidden buttress in the triforium, where an opening is made that allows a longitudinal route parallel to the main nave [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rampant Arch and Its Optimum Geometrical Generation

et al. 2019

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Gothic art was developed in western Europe from the second half of the 12th century to the end of the 15th century. The most characteristic Gothic building is the cathedral. Gothic architecture uses well-carved stone ashlars, and its essential elements include the arch. The thrust is transferred by means of external arches (flying buttresses) to external buttresses that end in pinnacles, which accentuates the verticality. The evolution of the flying buttresses should not only be considered as an aesthetic consideration, but also from a constructive point of view as an element of transmission of forces or loads. Thus, one evolves from a beam-type buttress to a simple arch, and finally to a rampant arch. In this work, we study the geometry of the rampant arch to determine which is the optimum from the constructive point of view. The optimum rampant arch obtained is the one with the common tangent to the two arches parallel to the slope line. A computer program was created to determine this optimal rampant arch by means of a numerical or graphical input. It was applied to several well-known and representative cases of Gothic art in France (church of Saint Urbain de Troyes) and Spain (Cathedral of Palma de Mallorca), establishing if they were designs of optimal rampant arches or not.

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Analysis of the Effect of Provisional Ties on the Construction and Current Deformation of Mallorca Cathedral

Cited by 24 publications

References 15 publications

Laser-Scanner Survey of Structural Disorders: An Instrument To Inspect the History of Parma Cathedral’s Central Nave

Laser-Scanner Survey of Structural Disorders: An Instrument To Inspect the History of Parma Cathedral’s Central Nave

Tracking multi-directional intersecting cracks in numerical modelling of masonry shear walls under cyclic loading

Rampant Arch and Its Optimum Geometrical Generation

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