“…Since the density of voids is higher for the fracture surface of the joints tested at room and high temperatures, the interaction of voids and microparticles is more pronounced for these conditions, especially for higher amounts of cork particles. Figure 7.Micrographs of fracture surfaces of SLJs with neat adhesive tested at low temperature (a), room temperature 13 (b), and high temperature (c).Figure 8.Particles as a source of crack initiation and propagation at higher temperature and crack bridging between a particle and its adjacent voids.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Micrographs of fracture surfaces of SLJs with neat adhesive tested at low temperature (a), room temperature 13 (b), and high temperature (c).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Barbosa et al 12 studied the effect of size and amount of cork particles on the impact toughness of an adhesive modified with cork particles from 38 to 250 lm. Barbosa et al 13 found that small amounts of cork particles present a better impact energy absorption than large amounts or small particles. The effect of moisture on the degradation of an adhesive, reinforced with microcork particles, was studied in Barbosa et al 14 The results showed that the cork particles do not have a great influence on the absorption/desorption of moisture.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Barbosa et al. 13 found that small amounts of cork particles present a better impact energy absorption than large amounts or small particles. The effect of moisture on the degradation of an adhesive, reinforced with microcork particles, was studied in Barbosa et al.…”
The present study deals with the effects of temperature and cyclic loading on the strength of single lap adhesive joints enhanced with different amounts of microcork particles. To achieve this, different joints with various overlap lengths were manufactured and tested. The joints were tested at two different temperatures (−20 ℃ and 75 ℃) in quasi-static conditions. Results of high temperature (75 ℃) show that the joints tensile strength decreases with the amount of cork particles. For low temperature (−20 ℃), the strength of the joint with 1 vol.% of cork increased; however, higher amounts of cork led to a reduction of the joint strength. To investigate the influence of cork particles on the fatigue endurance, joints were tested at room temperature under sinusoidal cyclic loading. Based on the experimental data it was found that the cork particles can significantly improve the fatigue life of adhesive joints (up to 4.6 times). Microfailure analysis of the tested joints was also performed using the scanning electron microscope technique.
“…Since the density of voids is higher for the fracture surface of the joints tested at room and high temperatures, the interaction of voids and microparticles is more pronounced for these conditions, especially for higher amounts of cork particles. Figure 7.Micrographs of fracture surfaces of SLJs with neat adhesive tested at low temperature (a), room temperature 13 (b), and high temperature (c).Figure 8.Particles as a source of crack initiation and propagation at higher temperature and crack bridging between a particle and its adjacent voids.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Micrographs of fracture surfaces of SLJs with neat adhesive tested at low temperature (a), room temperature 13 (b), and high temperature (c).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Barbosa et al 12 studied the effect of size and amount of cork particles on the impact toughness of an adhesive modified with cork particles from 38 to 250 lm. Barbosa et al 13 found that small amounts of cork particles present a better impact energy absorption than large amounts or small particles. The effect of moisture on the degradation of an adhesive, reinforced with microcork particles, was studied in Barbosa et al 14 The results showed that the cork particles do not have a great influence on the absorption/desorption of moisture.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Barbosa et al. 13 found that small amounts of cork particles present a better impact energy absorption than large amounts or small particles. The effect of moisture on the degradation of an adhesive, reinforced with microcork particles, was studied in Barbosa et al.…”
The present study deals with the effects of temperature and cyclic loading on the strength of single lap adhesive joints enhanced with different amounts of microcork particles. To achieve this, different joints with various overlap lengths were manufactured and tested. The joints were tested at two different temperatures (−20 ℃ and 75 ℃) in quasi-static conditions. Results of high temperature (75 ℃) show that the joints tensile strength decreases with the amount of cork particles. For low temperature (−20 ℃), the strength of the joint with 1 vol.% of cork increased; however, higher amounts of cork led to a reduction of the joint strength. To investigate the influence of cork particles on the fatigue endurance, joints were tested at room temperature under sinusoidal cyclic loading. Based on the experimental data it was found that the cork particles can significantly improve the fatigue life of adhesive joints (up to 4.6 times). Microfailure analysis of the tested joints was also performed using the scanning electron microscope technique.
“…There are many approaches which try to decrease brittleness to get a more ductile adhesive through the incorporation of reinforcements, such as SiO 2 [2], flexible polymers [3] or nano-clays [4]. Cork can be used to modify the mechanical properties of brittle epoxy adhesives, for example Barbosa et al [5][6][7] studied the effect of size, amount, and surface treatment on mechanical properties of epoxy resin reinforcement with cork particles. The addition of cork can give more resistance to the impact, reducing rigidity and increasing tenacity of the adhesive.…”
Natural brightness of epoxy adhesives can be reduced by adding cork. Besides, when cork was magnetized, it was possible to move them depending on the properties required in each section of the adhesive bond (PAT354/2019). The main objective of this work was to study possible changes in the thermal properties of the adhesive due to the addition of magnetic cork particles. If changes were significant, the use of magnetic cork particles would be compromised. To this end, natural cork particles and magnetic cork particles, with two different particle size (53–38 and 250–125 μm) and percentage (1 and 5 v/v%), were compared as reinforcement material. Magnetic cork was obtained by co-precipitated coating, according to patent number WO2019025651. The thermal properties studied by Differential Scanning Calorimetry were activation energy of curing reaction, glass transition temperature (Tg) and thermal conductivity. Two different hardeners were studied and a factorial design (2k with k = 4) was carried out. It allowed to determine which variable or combination of variables had most impact on thermal properties. Results showed that the main parameter affecting thermal properties was the hardener, regardless of the kind of particle used. However, the presence of magnetic cork highlights further the differences found between hardeners. The conclusion of this study was that magnetic cork particles can be used as fillers in epoxy resin to make graded joints, since they do not affect the thermal properties of the resin.
Graphical abstract
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