Analysis of the European Women Entrepreneurship in STEM Fields

Presenting an evolutionary model of entrepreneurial intelligence components in women: approaches to opportunity discovery and creation

“…Since many studies have been carried out on entrepreneurship, this area continuously evolves (Fernandes and Ferreira, 2022). In addition to creating job opportunities, entrepreneurs have an essential role to play in enhancing economies and people's lives through the global sharing of ideas, the development of practical technologies and devising innovative solutions (De las Mercedes Barrachina Fernández et al ., 2021; Saikumari and Sunitha, 2023). Achieving dynamic success requires entrepreneurs to acquire “entrepreneurial intelligence” in today's dynamic business environment, driven by rapid globalization, knowledgeable customers, advancing technology and increasing competition (Envick, 2014).…”

“…According to the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) 2019 report, only 6 out of 49 countries had similar rates of total early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA) for women and men. In addition, the World Bank report indicates that only one-third of all jobs, including small, medium and large enterprises, are for women (De las Mercedes Barrachina Fernández et al ., 2021; Yusoff et al ., 2022). As a result, as the number of established businesses among women decreases, the gender gap widens with increasing economic development (De las Mercedes Barrachina Fernández et al ., 2021).…”

“…In addition, the World Bank report indicates that only one-third of all jobs, including small, medium and large enterprises, are for women (De las Mercedes Barrachina Fernández et al ., 2021; Yusoff et al ., 2022). As a result, as the number of established businesses among women decreases, the gender gap widens with increasing economic development (De las Mercedes Barrachina Fernández et al ., 2021). One of the reasons may be that entrepreneurship is difficult for women because they face many personal, professional and social problems that prevent them from starting a new business (Moletta et al ., 2023).…”

Toward recognizing characteristics of women’s entrepreneurial intelligence: a comparative study

“…Therefore, the entrepreneurship domain is continually evolving due to the many studies conducted in this area (Fernandes and Ferreira, 2022). Entrepreneurs also have a critical role to play in enhancing economies and people's lives by creating job opportunities, sharing ideas globally, developing efficient technologies and devising innovative solutions to problems (de las Mercedes Barrachina Fern andez et al, 2021;Saikumari and Sunitha, 2023). Entrepreneurs must make wise decisions regarding the opportunities they pursue, the level of risk they undertake, how they treat their customers, whom they employ, and with whom they do business, among other things.…”

“…The 2019 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor ( 2008) report shows that only 6 out of 49 countries had similar rates of total early-stage entrepreneurial activity for women and men. Generally, the gender gap widens with increasing economic development as the number of established businesses among women declines (de las Mercedes Barrachina Fern andez et al, 2021). Moreover, according to the World Bank, only one-third of all businesses, including small-, medium-and large-sized firms, are owned by women (de las Mercedes Barrachina Fern andez et al, 2021;Yusoff et al, 2022).…”