Analysis of the hail impacts on the performance of commercially available photovoltaic modules of varying front glass thickness

Chakraborty, Suprava; Haldkar, Avinash Kumar; Kumar, Nallapaneni Manoj

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2022.12.061

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The damage is typically 3 cm on the panels, and larger hailstones, which can be larger than 4 cm, can cause greater damage. In 2016, a hail storm damaged almost one-third of the solar panels at OCI Solar Power's Alamo 2 [61]. Experiments with the protective glasses have shown that applying 4 mm or more of glass can protect the panels without significantly impacting the performance [61].…”

Section: Typical Maintenance Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2016, a hail storm damaged almost one-third of the solar panels at OCI Solar Power's Alamo 2 [61]. Experiments with the protective glasses have shown that applying 4 mm or more of glass can protect the panels without significantly impacting the performance [61]. However, connecting is sometimes not visible after the hail, but the monitoring system shows some panels are underperforming.…”

Section: Typical Maintenance Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current Challenges in Operation, Performance, and Maintenance of Photovoltaic Panels

Orosz,

Rassõlkin,

Arsénio

et al. 2024

Energies

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The installed solar capacity in the European Union has expanded rapidly in recent years. The production of these plants is stochastic and highly dependent on the weather. However, many factors should be considered together to estimate the expected output according to the weather forecast so that these new PV plants can operate at maximum capacity. Plants must be operated in coordination with maintenance operations and considering actual energy market prices. Various methods have recently been developed in the literature, ranging from the most impactful artificial-intelligence-based generation estimation methods to various diagnostic and maintenance methods. Moreover, the optimal operational and maintenance strategy usually depends on market regulation, and there are many concerns related to the distribution system operator. This review article aims to summarize and illustrate the challenges of operating and maintaining solar power plants and the economic and technical importance of these problems.

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Section: Typical Maintenance Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Typical Maintenance Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Challenges in Operation, Performance, and Maintenance of Photovoltaic Panels

Orosz,

Rassõlkin,

Arsénio

et al. 2024

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To this aim, product standards impose several rigid procedural steps to verify the load-bearing capacity. Critical aspects to address for the reliability of a given PV module reliability are related to its strength against ordinary external actions, which usually takes the form of human handling, snow, wind or even hailstorms [ 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Analysis of the Quasi-Static and Dynamic Composite Action in PV Modules with Viscoelastic Encapsulant

Bedon,

Santos,

Fasan

2024

Materials

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The mechanical analysis of photovoltaics and building integrated photovoltaics is a key step for their optimal design and certification, and requires careful consideration, alongside solar power, durability and functionality issues. The solar cells are encapsulated in thin interlayers that are usually composed of a viscoelastic Ethylene–Vinyl Acetate compound, and protected by thin glass and/or plastic layers. This paper investigates the out-of-plane bending response of a full-scale commercial PV module and focuses attention on the shear bonding efficiency of the thin encapsulant for quasi-static and dynamic mechanical considerations. The parametric analytical analysis, carried out in this study for a laminated glass plate, highlights the possible consequences of the viscoelastic shear coupling on the cross-section load-bearing demand in the covers. As a direct effect of severe operational conditions (i.e., ageing, non-uniform/cyclic thermal gradients, humidity, extreme mechanical/thermal loads, etc.) the shear rigidity and adhesion of these films can suffer from repeated/progressive modification and even degradation, and thus induce major stress and deflection effects in the out-of-plane mechanical response of the PV module components. The minimum shear bond efficiency required to prevent mechanical issues is calculated for various configurations of technical interest. Accordingly, it is shown how the quasi-static and dynamic mechanical performance of the system modifies as a function of a more rigid or weak shear coupling.

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Design Guidelines for Building and Infrastructure Integrated Photovoltaic Modules

Kyranaki,

Colberts,

Koetse

et al. 2024

Solar RRL

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The demand for renewable energy is increasing as efforts to decarbonize energy sources continue. Photovoltaic (PV) generation systems are the main contributor to the growth of renewable energy, but limited land availability in countries such as Belgium and Netherlands poses a challenge to their deployment. Integrated PV (IPV) can be a promising solution, but requires special consideration regarding electrical and fire safety, efficiency, durability, cost, and environmental impact in the design process. This study seeks to assist designers of IPV products by guiding the selection of materials, technologies, mechanical designs, and production methods for PV semifabricates (SF). It provides a comprehensive list of general design criteria, each offering various options in terms of bill of materials and production technologies. These options come with their own set of advantages and disadvantages, which are enumerated and quantified wherever feasible. The general design guidelines are validated based on the building‐integrated PV and infrastructure‐integrated PV demonstrators (in this case a noise barrier) being developed in the Solar Energy Made Regional (SolarEMR) project.

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Analysis of the hail impacts on the performance of commercially available photovoltaic modules of varying front glass thickness

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Current Challenges in Operation, Performance, and Maintenance of Photovoltaic Panels

Current Challenges in Operation, Performance, and Maintenance of Photovoltaic Panels

Mechanical Analysis of the Quasi-Static and Dynamic Composite Action in PV Modules with Viscoelastic Encapsulant

Design Guidelines for Building and Infrastructure Integrated Photovoltaic Modules

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