“…Regarding RQ1, the analysis helped us to separate the key directions of performance management such as performance measurement, criteria, relationship, and strategic management. It can be observed that our results are in line with Song (2022), Zhou, et al (2022), and Owais (2021 as they identified that for performance management to be effective, companies' performance needs to be measured by a range of indicators (including financial and non-financial), have clear linkages, and lead to strategic decision-making.…”