“…Energy is not only an essential material basis for national development and security, but also the driving force behind the functioning of the national economic system (Hao et al, 2021a;Mukeshimana et al, 2020;Mohsin et al, 2021a;Sun et al, 2021a;Yang et al, 2021a;Khan et al, 2021;Mani et al, 2021;Razzaq et al, 2021). Because China is restructuring its economy and transforming its industries, the conflict between energy supply and demand has worsened (Rehman et al, 2021a;Wu et al, 2021a;Su et al, 2021). In particular, energy industry is more directly affected by COVID-19 (Irfan et al, 2021a;Irfan et al, 2021b), which brings significant changes and serious challenges to energy consumption and production and supply, mainly reflected in the negative growth of oil demand, less-thanexpected natural gas demand, restrictions on coal transportation, and imbalance of power supply and demand.…”