Analysis of the Influence of Hydrogen on Pitting Corrosion and Stress Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steel in Chloride Environment

Seys, A. A.; Brabers, M.; Haute, A.A. Van

doi:10.5006/0010-9312-30.2.47

Cited by 56 publications

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“…18 The Urbach tail can be characterized by the following relationship 19,20 [3] where h is the photon energy, E opt ϭ optical gap, k ϭ Boltzmann's constant (8.620 ϫ 10 Ϫ5 eV/K) and T ϭ temperature in kelvin. ␣ 0 and ␥ are constants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Hydrogen on Disorder of Passive Films and Pitting Susceptibility of Type 310 Stainless Steel

Yang

Luo

2001

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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It is well known that metal oxidation accompanies the reduction of hydrogen ions in aqueous acid solutions. Part of the generated hydrogen will permeate into the metals. Hydrogen in metals would affect the properties of passive films formed on the surface and consequently affect the corrosion processes. Published literature has shown that hydrogen decreases the stability of the passive films on stainless steels 1 and ferritic steels; 2 increases the corrosion rates of austenitic stainless steels, 3,4 iron-based and nickel-based amorphous alloys; 5 and increases the pitting susceptibility of type 310 stainless steel, 6,7 pure nickel, 8 and pure iron. 9 However, it is still not clearly understood why a hydrogen-containing passive film is more susceptible to corrosion than a hydrogen-free passive film. To understand the effects of hydrogen on corrosion behavior of stainless steel, it is necessary to investigate the effect of hydrogen on physicochemical properties of passive films. Most investigators have mainly focused on the passive films formed on hydrogen-free materials in various media. Therefore, in this work, the effects of hydrogen on pitting susceptibility and disorder of passive films are investigated.Experimental The material used in this research was a foil of type 310 stainless steel with a thickness of 0.1 mm. The chemical composition is listed in Table I. All of the specimens were wet ground to a 600 grit finish, rinsed with distilled water, degreased with acetone, and dried before the tests. In order to obtain specimens with various hydrogen concentrations, the membranes were cathodically charged at various current densities at 22ЊC before immersion tests and electrochemical measurements. Our previous work has proven that the higher the charging current density, the higher the amount of hydrogen in the specimen. 10 During the hydrogen charging, the specimens acted as a cathode and the anode was a platinum net with a size of 1 ϫ 1.5 in. The anode was parallel to the surface of the specimen to guarantee a uniform distribution of the charging current. The distance between the platinum net and the surface of the specimen was 2 mm. A 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 ϩ 250 ppm As 2 O 3 solution was chosen as the charging electrolyte with the As 2 O 3 acting as a hydrogen recombination poison, which promoted the absorption of hydrogen by the specimens. 11 ASTM practice G48 method A was used to evaluate the pitting susceptibilities of both charged and uncharged specimens. The immersion tests were performed at 22ЊC in the 6% FeCl 3 solution. The time elapsed between the end of the charging test and the beginning of the measurement was kept constant at 5 min. One of the specimens was taken out of the solution after each immersion period, and observed with an optical microscope. The pit densities were statistically measured; for each specimen at least eight to ten fields were used to obtain more accurate statistical results.The electrochemical testing solution was 0.02 M H 3 BO 3 ϩ 0.005 M Na 2 B 4 O 7 и10H 2 O (pH 8.45) borate b...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Hydrogen on Disorder of Passive Films and Pitting Susceptibility of Type 310 Stainless Steel

Yang

Luo

2001

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Studies have shown that hydrogen increases the corrosion rates of precharged austenitic stainless steels (SS) and carbon steels. [3][4][5] For austenitic SS, hydrogen has been reported to promoted anodic dissolution, to decrease the stability of the passive film, 6 and to increase pitting susceptibility. 7 Both hydrogen and stress have been found to facilitate anodic dissolution in a synergistic manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Hydrogen on Pitting Susceptibility of Type 310 Stainless Steel

Yang¹,

Li²,

Chiovelli³

et al. 1998

CORROSION

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Type 310 (UNS S31000) stainless steel (SS) membranes were precharged with hydrogen at various current densities. Effects of hydrogen on pitting susceptibility were investigated by carrying out the ASTM G 48 standard ferric chloride (FeCl 3 ) tests. Changes in pit density, pit size distribution, average pit diameter (D a ), and apparent pit area percentage (A p ) with hydrogen charging current density and immersion time (t) were measured statistically. Hydrogen in type 310 SS significantly promoted pit initiation and pit growth. D a and A p increased linearly with the logarithm of t (i.e., D a [or A p ] = ␣ ln t + ␤). The value of the coefficient ␣ increased with increases in charging current density. The interaction between hydrogen and defects, both in the surface film and the metal, were used to explain the deleterious effects of hydrogen on pitting corrosion. It was considered that hydrogen promoted pitting corrosion mainly through the formation of positive charge regions around defects in the surface film.

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“…Prisustvo hloridnih jona onemogućava repasivaciju površine na dnu pita, koja se ubrzano anodno rastvara. Tokom hidrolize metalnih jona na dnu pita dolazi do smanjenja pH vrednosti rastvora [5]. Pokazano je da je kod nerđajućih čelika u neutralnim hloridnim rastvorima (0.5 mol dm -3 NaCl) pH vrednost rastvora unutar pita niža od 1, dok je koncentracija hloridnih jona 6,2 mol dm -3 [6].…”

Section: Uvodunclassified

“…; [1], [2,3], [4][5][6][7][8], Skraćene naziva časopisa treba navoditi prema Međunarodnom kodeksu za skraćivanje naslova periodičnih publikacija (http://www.efm.leeds.ac.uk/~mark/ISIabbr/).…”

Section: Uvodunclassified

Influence of welding current intensity on pitting corrosion resistance in welded joint of stainless steel X5CrNi18-10

Jegdić¹,

Bobić²,

Nedeljkovic³

et al. 2017

Zas Mat

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Uticaj jačine struje zavarivanja na otpornost prema piting koroziji zavarenog spoja nerđajućeg čelika X5CrNi18-10 IZVOD Ispitan je uticaj jačine struje zavarivanja na otpornost prema piting koroziji zavarenog spoja austenitnog nerđajućeg čelika X5CrNi18-10. Zavarivanje austenitnog nerđajućeg čelika je izvršeno primenom tri različite jačine struje (110 A, 130 A i 150 A). Ispitivanja otpornosti prema piting koroziji su izvršena elektrohemijskom potenciodinamičkom metodom na osnovnom metalu, u zoni uticaja toplote (ZUT) i u metalu šava zavarenog spoja. Vrednosti pokazatelja piting korozije za osnovni metal su bliske vrednostima odgovarajućih pokazatelja za metal šava, nezavisno od primenjene jačine struje pri zavarivanju. Vrednosti pokazatelja piting korozije u ZUT-u su manje od vrednosti odgovarajućih pokazatelja za osnovni metal i metal šava. To je posledica delimičnog izdvajanja hrom-karbida po granicama zrna i obrazovanja hromom osiromašenih oblasti uz granicu zrna u ZUT-u. ZUT formiran pri jačini struje zavarivanja od 150 A pokazuje najmanju otpornost prema piting koroziji, što se može objasniti najvećim osiromašenjem prigraničnih oblasti zrna hromom pri ovoj jačini struje zavarivanja. Tada je i sklonost ZUT-a prema interkristalnoj koroziji najveća. Povećanjem stepena senzibilizacije ZUT-a prema interkristalnoj koroziji vrednost potencijala metastabilnog pitinga se linearno smanjuje, što znači da se smanjuje otpornost ZUT-a prema piting koroziji.Ključne reči: nerđajući čelici, zavareni spoj, piting korozija, metode ispitivanja. UVODPiting korozija nerđajućih čelika se često odvija u hloridnim rastvorima. U tim rastvorima piting korozija se odvija kroz tri različita stupnja: nukleacija pitova, rast i repasivacija metastabilnih pitova i rast stabilnih pitova [1,2]. Nukleacija pitova zavisi od karakteristika pasivnog filma, dok sastav nerđaju-ćeg čelika ima veći uticaj na rast i repasivacija metastabilnih pitova, kao i rast stabilnih pitova, nego pasivni film. Pre obrazovanja metastabilnih pitova dolazi do razaranja pasivnog filma na površini nerđajućeg čelika. Razaranje pasivnog filma dešava se 10 do 100 puta češće nego nastajanje metastabilnih pitova, što je u skladu sa pretpostavkom da samo deo nastalih pitova raste i transformiše se u metastabilne pitove [2]. Frankel smatra da je repasivacija metastabilnih pitova povezana sa razaranjem pokrivnog sloja iznad metastabilnog pita i razblaživanjem lokalne korozione sredine u pitu [3]. *Autor za korespondenciju: Bore Jegdić E-mail: borejegdic@yahoo.com Rad primljen: 11. 06. 2017. Rad prihvaćen: 30. 06. 2017 Rad je dostupan na sajtu: www.idk.org.rs/casopis Galvele je predložio model lokalnog zakišeljavanja korozione sredine u pitu, usled hidrolize metalnih jona, kao uslov za rast stabilnih pitova [4]. Ovaj model objašnjava uticaj hloridnih anjona, pH vrednosti rastvora i uticaj inhibitorskih jona na vrednost E pit . U skladu sa ovim modelom E pit nije potencijal nastajanja pita, već potencijal pri kome stabilni pitovi rastu. Sastav rastvora unutar pita ima veći uti...

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Analysis of the Influence of Hydrogen on Pitting Corrosion and Stress Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steel in Chloride Environment

Cited by 56 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Hydrogen on Disorder of Passive Films and Pitting Susceptibility of Type 310 Stainless Steel

Effects of Hydrogen on Disorder of Passive Films and Pitting Susceptibility of Type 310 Stainless Steel

Effects of Hydrogen on Pitting Susceptibility of Type 310 Stainless Steel

Influence of welding current intensity on pitting corrosion resistance in welded joint of stainless steel X5CrNi18-10

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