Analysis of the metastatic mechanism and progress in the treatment of breast cancer liver metastasis: a narrative review

Abstract

Background and Objective Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women, and metastasis to other target organs is one of the main causes of death. Breast cancer liver metastasis (BCLM) has long been a research focus. Enhancing therapeutic effects, optimizing treatment plans and improving the prognosis of patients are major clinical challenges at present. Methods We performed a comprehensive, nonsystematic review of the latest literature to define the current metastatic mechanism and related treatment advances of BCLM. Key Content and Findings Due to the lack of research on the mechanism of BCLM, present treatment programs still have limited benefits, and the prognosis of patients is generally poor. New research directions and treatment ideas for BCLM are urgently needed. In this article, we indicated the specific procedures of the BCLM mechanism from the microenvironment to metastasis formation and progress in treatment, including drug therapies such as targeted therapy, surgery, intervention therapy and radiotherapy. Research on the molecular mechanism plays a crucial role in the development of BCLM-related therapies. Based on the metastasis process, we are able to propel new findings and further progression of antineoplastic drugs. Conclusions The process of BCLM is multistep, and various factors are involved in it, which provides a powerful theoretical basis for the development of therapeutic methods for treatment of this disease. Further understanding of the mechanism of BCLM is essential to guide clinical management.

Relationship between Bladder Cancer, Nutritional Supply, and Treatment Strategies: A Comprehensive Review

“…In a meta-analysis conducted in 2014, it was observed that there may be a negative correlation between folate consumption and the risk of bladder cancer. However, this correlation was only observed in retrospective studies and not in prospective studies [78]. A prominent case-control study carried out in the United States, included in the previously mentioned meta-analysis, yielded no substantial correlation between folate consumption and the likelihood of developing bladder cancer.…”

“…A study has found that the intake of milk, which is rich in vitamin B2 and B12, is associated with a reduced risk of bladder cancer [80]. However, Brinkman et al and Dugué et al found no correlation between vitamin B6 and B12 and bladder cancer [78,81].…”