Analysis of the mouse protamine 1 promoter in transgenic mice.

Zambrowicz, Brian; Harendza, Christopher J.; Zimmermann, James W.; Brinster, Ralph L.; Palmiter, Richard D.

doi:10.1073/pnas.90.11.5071

Cited by 107 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…For example, restriction patterns and densitometric analyses showed that line 58 contained a single copy of the PrmCre transgene, yet showed virtually the same testis recombination signal as the line containing more than 100 copies (78). This variability is similar to results obtained with other Prm1 promoter-driven transgenes (13,30).…”

Section: Prmcre Transgenes Efficiently Recombine Target Allelessupporting

confidence: 75%

Protamine-Cre recombinase transgenes efficiently recombine target sequences in the male germ line of mice, but not in embryonic stem cells

O’Gorman

Dagenais²,

Qian³

et al. 1997

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

428

363

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The production of subtle or conditional mutations in mice through the combined use of site-specific and homologous recombination has become an increasingly widespread experimental paradigm in mammalian genetics. Embryonic stem cells containing recombinase transgenes that were expressed in the male germ line, but not in other tissues or in the embryonic stem cells themselves, would substantially simplify the production of such alleles. Here we show that transgenes comprised of the mouse protamine 1 promoter and the Cre recombinase coding sequence mediate the efficient recombination of a Cre target transgene in the male germ line, but not in other tissues. Embryonic stem cell lines generated from one of these transgenic strains were transfected with targeting vectors that included loxP-f lanked selectable markers, and homologously recombined alleles containing the marker and functional loxP sites were isolated. These results establish the potential of the system for substantially reducing the time, effort, and resources required to produce homologously recombined alleles in mice that have been secondarily rearranged by a site-specific recombinase.

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Section: Prmcre Transgenes Efficiently Recombine Target Allelessupporting

confidence: 75%

Protamine-Cre recombinase transgenes efficiently recombine target sequences in the male germ line of mice, but not in embryonic stem cells

O’Gorman

Dagenais²,

Qian³

et al. 1997

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

428

363

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To ascertain whether the MT flanking regions have enhancer activity, we combined them with an hGH reporter gene with a minimal (83-bp) promoter that responds well to heterologous enhancers, including those from MT-I, elastase I, and protamine I genes (17,21,34). The tissue distribution of hGH expression in five transgenic mice made with the hGH gene alone was compared with that obtained with five mice that carry the hGH gene flanked by the MT sequences.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distal regulatory elements from the mouse metallothionein locus stimulate gene expression in transgenic mice.

Palmiter¹,

Sandgren²,

Koeller³

et al. 1993

Mol. Cell. Biol.

Self Cite

204

121

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DNA regions of 10 and 7 kb that flank the mouse metallothionein II (MT-II) and MT-I genes, respectively, were combined with a minimally marked MT-I (MT-I*) gene and tested in transgenic mice. This construct resulted in (i) position-independent expression of MT-I* mRNA and copy number-dependent expression, (ii) levels of hepatic MT-I mRNA per cell per transgene that were about half that derived from endogenous MT-I genes, (iii) appropriate regulation by metals and hormones, and (iv) tissue distribution of transgene mRNA that resembled that of endogenous MT-I mRNA. These features were not observed when MT-I* was tested without the flanking regions. These MT-I flanking sequences also improved the expression of rat growth hormone reporter genes, with or without introns, that were under the control of the MT-I promoter (20). Several other genetic loci are also flanked by DNase I-hypersensitive sites, including the human ,B-globin locus (13,32) and the chicken lysozyme gene (29). In these cases, the sequences including the DNase I-hypersensitive sites confer copy number-dependent and position-independent expression upon transgenes (4,15,30). The mechanism of action of these sequences, or locus control regions (LCRs), is not well defined, but an attractive model is that they help establish a chromosomal domain that facilitates transcription of genes that lie within the domain and isolate those genes from adjacent chromosomal effects (11,12 Vol. 13,No. 9

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“…Testis-specific promoters with cis-acting sequences near the start of transcription have also been observed for genes expressed in spermatocytes in mammals. For example, <200 bp of promoter region are sufficient for expression of the lactate dehydrogenase C and protamine 1 genes in testis extracts or transgenic mouse testes (Zambrowicz et al 1993;Goldberg 1996). These parallels evoke the possibility that testis-specific components of the general transcription machinery may also play an important role in the male germ cell-specific gene expression programs in mammals.…”

Section: The Primary Spermatocyte Transcription Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental regulation of transcription by a tissue-specific TAF homolog

Hiller

Lin²,

Wood³

et al. 2001

Genes Dev.

188

187

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Alternate forms of the general transcription machinery have been described in several tissues or cell types. However, the role of tissue-specific TBP-associated factors (TAF II s) and other tissue-specific transcription components in regulating differential gene expression during development was not clear. Here we show that the cannonball gene of Drosophila encodes a cell type-specific homolog of a more ubiquitously expressed component of the general transcription factor TFIID. cannonball is required in vivo for high level transcription of a set of stage-and tissue-specific target genes during male gametogenesis. Regulation of transcription by cannonball is absolutely required for spermatogenesis, as null mutations block meiotic cell cycle progression and result in a complete failure of spermatid differentiation. Our results demonstrate that cell type-specific TAF II s play an important role in developmental regulation of gene expression.

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Analysis of the mouse protamine 1 promoter in transgenic mice.

Cited by 107 publications

References 34 publications

Protamine-Cre recombinase transgenes efficiently recombine target sequences in the male germ line of mice, but not in embryonic stem cells

Protamine-Cre recombinase transgenes efficiently recombine target sequences in the male germ line of mice, but not in embryonic stem cells

Distal regulatory elements from the mouse metallothionein locus stimulate gene expression in transgenic mice.

Developmental regulation of transcription by a tissue-specific TAF homolog

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