Analysis of the RES Potential in Accordance with the Energy Policy of the European Union

Abstract

There is a need to reduce carbon-based energy and replace it with clean energy in order to counteract the negative effects of climate change. The increase in renewable energy sources may result in savings and the increasing cost of maintaining carbon-based energy. Worldwide involvement is required. The fulfillment of conditions by individual states does not solve the problem. The COVID-19 pandemic has slowed economic growth. It turns out that economic growth is not always associated with increased investments in RES (existing or emerging new clean energy points). We have a new epidemiological threat—Delta—which could become large. This will not improve the situation. Germany is an exemplary country for benchmarking in the field of renewable energy. The worrying fact is that Poland, despite economic growth, does not achieve an even growth in RES. Each of us is required to be involved, to be open to innovation and to act in accordance with the energy policy of the European Union. Basic management functions (planning, organizing, motivating and controlling) are also essential. Failure to meet the demands of the energy policy should be thoroughly verified and consequences should be drawn in order to involve the whole world. The authors thoroughly analyzed many factors that have a significant impact on the success in stopping climate change and increasing RES. With the increase in energy demand, renewable energy is introduced to a greater extent. Additionally, coal energy will be more expensive to maintain. The more RES, the more expensive the energy obtained from mine sources. The investment is an opportunity to meet the demands of RES, but investors are currently only interested in investing in renewable energy in highly developed countries. The decision-making process regarding the implementation of renewable energy sources not only consists in a radical decision to introduce changes, but also in the fulfillment of a number of assumptions regarding the energy policy controlled by the authorities of a given state as part of this action. There is a risk (fear) in underdeveloped countries that they will not be able to finalize this project, either due to the lack of investor interest or the lack of real opportunities due to the failure to meet the guidelines of the energy policy of a given country. It is advisable that state governments facilitate the process as much as possible so that even less developed countries could take advantage of this postulate.

An Empirical Analysis of Renewable Energy Contributions Considering Green Consumer Values—A Case Study of Poland

“…Higher temperatures and a warmer climate can cause infectious diseases, such as malaria, to spread more rapidly [20]. A fact confirming the ongoing green transformation is that coal's share of electricity generation has dropped below 70% [7]. On the other hand, thanks to prosumer photovoltaics and onshore wind power installations, the share of RES has increased.…”

“…This goal favors the switching over of energy production from coal to RES [6]. Sustainable growth may be possible only with collaborative efforts towards the implementation of RES; although it is challenging, this is the only way to reduce costs to make a viable business model [7,8]. The climate policy implementation of the EU is the key motivation for Poland to revive its energy sector and make the transformation from traditional energy sources to RES [9].…”

Green Energy Management through the Implementation of RES in the EU. Analysis of the Opinions of Poland and Germany

“…The key is radical and decisive decision making on the set goal of a radical economic recovery. It will not be realistic if the European Union will be the first in terms of climate neutrality by 2050 [72].…”

Determinants of Return-on-Equity (ROE) of Biogas Plants Operating in Poland

“…Higher revenue can be obtained by enabling control of energy production within the grid in such a way as to sell the energy in the periods when other RES (PV, wind) do not produce it [35], and in some countries, even by planning flexible seasonal energy production [36]. In the future, biogas energy production, other than from the waste, can be permanently dependent on support policy-for example, justifying it to preserve the environment or to test the technology [37], or other externalities [38][39][40]-because the progress in reducing the technology costs is relatively small, but the competition for the resources used in food production is also small [41,42]. It is worth mentioning that the economic efficiency of biogas production is similar to that of bioethanol, but the energetic efficiency is higher [43].…”