Analysis of the Results of Long-Lived Radionuclide Body Burden Monitoring in Residents of the Urals Region

Дёгтева, М. О.; Толстых, Е. И.; Суслова, Г. К.; Романов, С. А.; Аклеев, А. В.

doi:10.21514/1998-426x-2018-11-3-30-39

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Maximum lifetime intake of 90 Sr was estimated to be 2–3 MBq in the early 1950s [ 11 ]. Monitoring of 90 Sr-body burden in Urals residents has been ongoing for over 60 years [ 12 ]. The upper panel of Fig 5 demonstrates the results of long-term monitoring of average cohort 90 Sr-body burden in residents of the upper and middle Techa who were adults during the period of maximal 90 Sr intake [ 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since 1951, 90 Sr-body burdens were estimated by post-mortem analysis of bone samples, and since 1974, in vivo measurements have been performed on a large scale using a specially designed whole-body counter [ 12 , 13 ]. As can be seen from Fig 5 , the 90 Sr-body burdens have decreased by an order of magnitude over 50 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whole-body counter measurements for different age groups of Techa residents were also published in [ 12 , 14 ], which makes it possible to assess the age dependence of the dose rate in AM in the long-term period after the maximum intake ( Fig 6 ). By the time that collection of whole-body measurements had been initiated, all people who received the largest intake had become adults and nearly all of the remaining 90 Sr was located in the CBV .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maximum lifetime intake of this radionuclide was estimated to be 2-3 MBq from Techa River use in the early 1950s [ 11 ]. Monitoring of 90 Sr-body burden in Urals residents has continued for over 60 years, and more than 20,000 people have been examined [ 12 – 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stochastic parametric skeletal dosimetry model for humans: General approach and application to active marrow exposure from bone-seeking beta-particle emitters

et al. 2021

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The objective of this study is to develop a skeleton model for assessing active marrow dose from bone-seeking beta-emitting radionuclides. This article explains the modeling methodology which accounts for individual variability of the macro- and microstructure of bone tissue. Bone sites with active hematopoiesis are assessed by dividing them into small segments described by simple geometric shapes. Spongiosa, which fills the segments, is modeled as an isotropic three-dimensional grid (framework) of rod-like trabeculae that “run through” the bone marrow. Randomized multiple framework deformations are simulated by changing the positions of the grid nodes and the thickness of the rods. Model grid parameters are selected in accordance with the parameters of spongiosa microstructures taken from the published papers. Stochastic modeling of radiation transport in heterogeneous media simulating the distribution of bone tissue and marrow in each of the segments is performed by Monte Carlo methods. Model output for the human femur at different ages is provided as an example. The uncertainty of dosimetric characteristics associated with individual variability of bone structure was evaluated. An advantage of this methodology for the calculation of doses absorbed in the marrow from bone-seeking radionuclides is that it does not require additional studies of autopsy material. The biokinetic model results will be used in the future to calculate individual doses to members of a cohort exposed to 89,90Sr from liquid radioactive waste discharged to the Techa River by the Mayak Production Association in 1949–1956. Further study of these unique cohorts provides an opportunity to gain more in-depth knowledge about the effects of chronic radiation on the hematopoietic system. In addition, the proposed model can be used to assess the doses to active marrow under any other scenarios of 90Sr and 89Sr intake to humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stochastic parametric skeletal dosimetry model for humans: General approach and application to active marrow exposure from bone-seeking beta-particle emitters

et al. 2021

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“…(a) settlements located near the borders of the MPA SPZ that are affected by both past releases and current emissions from the stacks of the operating plants; As can be seen from the table, in addition to the environmental contaminations and exposure rates, the monitoring programme includes body burden estimates of the long-lived radionuclides 137 Cs, 90 Sr and Pu (Suslova et al 2015, Degteva et al 2018. Major exposure pathways for the residents of all settlements include ingestion of 137 Cs and 90 Sr from past releases.…”

Section: Current Situation In the Areas Where People Live And Effecti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioecological consequences of radioactive releases due to weapons-grade plutonium production at the ‘Mayak’ facility in the Russian Federation

Akleyev¹

2021

J. Radiol. Prot.

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The process of nuclear weapons production from 1949 to 1987 was accompanied by the generation of a great amount of radioactive waste. Waste processing operations and controls on discharges at this time were not to the same standard as today. Because of this, vast areas of the Urals region of Russia surrounding the Mayak Production Association (MPA) were exposed to routine and accidental radioactive contamination. The greatest contribution to the contamination was gas aerosol emissions from the MPA in the 1950s (total activity 38 PBq, mainly 131I), releases of liquid radioactive waste into the Techa River from 1949 to 1956 (total activity 115 PBq, including long-lived 90Sr and 137Cs) and accidental atmospheric releases as a result of the thermochemical explosion of the storage tank for liquid radioactive waste in 1957 (74 PBq, relatively short-lived radionuclides being the main contributors). Protective measures helped to relieve the pressing problem of population safety in the 1950s and 1960s, but they led to the appearance of new sources of contamination in the territory surrounding the MPA—Lake Karachay (total activity of beta-emitters 4400 PBq) and the Techa Cascade of Reservoirs (TCR; total activity 8 PBq). Owing to natural radioactive decay and rehabilitation measures, the radiation situation in the East Urals Radioactive Trace (EURT) has improved considerably over the years. Economic activity has been partially restored in these territories. Only the most contaminated territory of the East Urals Radioactive Reserve cannot be used for any economic activities up to the present day. Marked non-uniformity of radioactive contamination of the EURT and the Techa River floodplain, as well as radionuclide washout from Lake Karachay and the TCR into the underground waters and the Techa River require on-going radioecological monitoring, management and regulatory supervision.

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Medical consequences of the Urals radiation accidents: Comparative analysis

Akleyev

Krestinina²

2022

Environmental Advances

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Analysis of the Results of Long-Lived Radionuclide Body Burden Monitoring in Residents of the Urals Region

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Stochastic parametric skeletal dosimetry model for humans: General approach and application to active marrow exposure from bone-seeking beta-particle emitters

Stochastic parametric skeletal dosimetry model for humans: General approach and application to active marrow exposure from bone-seeking beta-particle emitters

Radioecological consequences of radioactive releases due to weapons-grade plutonium production at the ‘Mayak’ facility in the Russian Federation

Medical consequences of the Urals radiation accidents: Comparative analysis

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