Analysis of the visual perception conflicts in designing mixed reality systems

Potemin, Igor S.; Zhdanov, Andrey; Bogdanov, Nikolay; Zhdanov, Dmitry; Livshits, Irina; Wang, Yan

doi:10.1117/12.2503397

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The image input is 2D, and its parallax effect is similar to that of HUDs. Figure 5 shows the parallax projection method used in this experiment and the deviation in image position between the left and right eyes: (a) is to construct viewing conditions with parallax effect, where the left and right images are projected by a projector and received by 3D glasses; (b) is the effect when the left and right eye images (for example, when a letter "d" to be observed) are overlapped, which creates visual depth perception [16]. Figure 6 shows the site photo during the experiments, wherein (a) is the input screen of independent channels for the left and right eyes, (b) is the overlapping image of the projected binoculars, and (c) is the observer who wore the switch-type 3D glasses, which present a virtual image display effect with parallax to the user.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parallax of Head-Up Displays and Visual Safety for Driving

Song,

Fan,

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Head-up displays (HUDs), a novel form of virtual display, are characterized by their optical structure as a typical binocular virtual display system. This structure exhibits the effect of binocular parallax on visual perception, especially when diverse depth information is displayed on a screen, which makes the eyes switch between different parallax conditions, and easily affects visual tasks, and induces visual fatigue. Augmented reality HUDs (AR-HUDs) have a wider field of view and are more susceptible to parallax effects. In this study, to determine the acceptable parallax threshold in a two-dimensional virtual display system for HUDs, especially for adjacent positions, and to provide a reference for HUD design, visual comfort and task performance were experimentally evaluated by simulating the overall parallax effect and with step changes on the screen. Specifically, the effects of overall and stepped horizontal and vertical parallaxes on visual fatigue and task performance were evaluated under different conditions. The results showed that the overall horizontal and vertical parallaxes had no significant effect on visual fatigue and task performance. However, stepped horizontal parallax had a significant effect on task performance (p < 0.05), with a parallax value of 3.31 mrad between adjacent positions serving as an acceptable threshold for stepped horizontal parallax as a reference. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in the concentration and fluctuation ratios of the results caused by vertical stepped parallax were found, and an acceptable stepped parallax threshold of 2.24 mrad was obtained. Further, experiments revealed that stepped vertical parallax was more likely to lead to reading misalignments, halos, and distortions. In addition, an exponentially varying relationship between stepped parallax and the error rate of visual performance was observed, and a model was built to predict the degree of influence on visual performance caused by horizontal stepped parallax in virtual displays. This study provides a reference for parallax control between neighboring display icons in AR-HUDs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallax of Head-Up Displays and Visual Safety for Driving

Song,

Fan,

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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“…Video see through (VST) and optical see through (OST) are two types of technologies that can be adopted when designing the MR environment. VST uses a liquid crystal display (LCD) or hologram unit to overlay the virtual image of captured physical object, and OST uses tools like transparent glass to make visualization of physical objects directly superimposed with virtually generated images (Chai et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2018). In terms of food sector applications, MR HoloLens with either VST or OST technology is useful in nutritional labeling, calorie estimation, gustatory display system, consumer behavior research, food traceability, retail store shopping, and other areas (Chai et al., 2022; Chiu et al., 2021; Ranasinghe et al., 2019; Todorovic et al., 2019).…”

Section: A Brief View Of Virtual Augmented and Mixed Realitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual, augmented, and mixed reality as a versatile tool in food consumer behavior evaluation: Recent advances in aroma, taste, and texture incorporation

Bhavadharini,

Monica,

Anbarasan

et al. 2023

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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The perceptual behavior of consumers on a product displayed in the market has a vital role in analyzing the importance given to that product. Therefore, various strategies have been developed to understand this consumer behavior in the selection of products. Immersive technologies like virtual, augmented, and mixed reality are among them. With the foremost feature of immersion in the virtual world and interaction of users with virtual objects, virtual reality, and augmented reality have unlocked their potential in research and a user‐friendly tool for analyzing consumer behavior. In addition to these technologies, mixed reality also has a significant role in investigating consumer behavior. Studies on immersive technologies in food applications are vast, hence this review focuses on the applications of virtual, augmented, and mixed reality in the food selection behavior of consumers. The behavioral studies are elicited to develop new products based on consumer needs, to understand the shopping behavior in supermarkets for real‐time usage, and to know the influence of emotions in a selection of products. The findings suggest that virtual, augmented, and mixed reality induce immersion of the users in food selection behavioral studies. Information on the technological advancements in the tools used for bringing immersion and interaction are discussed for its futuristic applications in food. Though immersive technology gives users a realistic virtual environment experience, its application in food systems is in the budding stage. More research on human response studies would contribute to its innovative and inevitable application in the future.

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“…The second scene is a model of a virtual prototype of the image-forming optical system of the lens camera placed in a virtual environment. 16 The test scene setup and image formed on the camera sensor are shown in Fig. 14.…”

Section: Test Scenes Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual prototyping of complex optical systems on multiprocessor workstations

Zhdanov

Sorokin

et al. 2022

Opt. Eng.

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Nowadays, optical designers often use multiprocessor workstations for the virtual prototyping of complex optical systems. Modern workstations may have several CPUs with up to 128 virtual cores each and a non-uniform access speed to different memory areas. Effective implementation of virtual prototyping methods and algorithms requires the development of special methods for efficient algorithm parallelization and shared memory access. As a basis for the virtual prototyping, we proposed a progressive backward photon mapping method that allows for reducing the amount of data used by photon maps, speeding up the luminance calculation process, and estimating the luminance errors for the resulting image. The main algorithmic complexity of this method is the need to synchronize data when calculating and accumulating the luminance of indirect and caustic illumination. The authors propose the three-level semi-synchronous parallelization method, which consists of fully synchronous, semi-synchronous, and asynchronous levels with illumination processing effectively distributed among the computation threads. The main benefit of the developed method is that it does not require additional synchronization when accumulating luminance, thus increasing the image synthesis speed. The designed three-level method can also be used in distributed systems with good scalability. The results obtained with virtual prototypes of complex optical systems are presented.

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Analysis of the visual perception conflicts in designing mixed reality systems

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Parallax of Head-Up Displays and Visual Safety for Driving

Parallax of Head-Up Displays and Visual Safety for Driving

Virtual, augmented, and mixed reality as a versatile tool in food consumer behavior evaluation: Recent advances in aroma, taste, and texture incorporation

Virtual prototyping of complex optical systems on multiprocessor workstations

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