Analysis of Total Bacteria, Enteric Members of γ-proteobacteria and Microbial Communities in Seawater as Indirect Indicators for Quantifying Biofouling

Abstract

In this study, total bacteria, enteric members of the -proteobacteria, and microbial communities in seawater were analyzed as indirect indicators for quantifying biofouling. Biomass in seawater can significantly affect feed water pretreatment and membrane biofouling of reverse osmosis desalination processes. The purpose of this paper is to investigate microbiological quantity and quality of seawater at the potential intake of a desalination plant. For this analysis, the total direct cell count (TDC) using 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)-staining and DNA-based real-time PCR were used to quantify the total bacteria and relative content of enteric members of -proteobacteria in seawater, respectively. In addition, microbial communities were examined using 16S rRNA gene cloning and bacterial isolation to identify the most abundant bacteria for a further biofouling study. The experimental results of this study identified about 10 6 cells/mL of (total) bacteria, 10 5 16S rRNA gene copies/mL of enteric -proteobacteria, and the presence of more than 20 groups of bacteria.

Membrane Biofouling of Seawater Reverse Osmosis Initiated by Sporogenic Bacillus Strain

“…Each colony was then genetically identified by sequencing of the amplified 16S rRNA gene. For amplification, a universal bacterial primer set, forward primer 9F (5'-GAG TTT GAT CCT GGC TCA G-3') and reverse primer 1512R (5'-ACG GHT ACC TTG TTA CGA CTT-3') was used [12]. In total, 37 strains were purified, with 7 of these isolates deemed to be close to Bacillus sp., as their sequence homologies were more than 99%; Ten sequence sources of the representative bacteria belonging to the phylum-based bacterial group were then registered in Genbank (Genbank accession no.…”

“…Bacillus sp. strains, or its relatives, have also arisen as problematic bacteria as they are commonly observed in different biofilm community structures on RO/NF membranes used for water treatment [9][10][11][12]. The higher hydrophobicity of Bacillus sp.…”

Effects of dimethylacetamide on chitosan/AgNP/GO fluid properties for 3D printing of water filtration membranes

“…Numerous bacterial species are responsible for membrane fouling and subsequent biofilm formation on the majority of water treatment separation membranes, according to previous research. This includes species of Pseudomonas , Corynebacterium , Bacillus , Arthrobacter , Aeromonas , Flavobacterium , Moraxella , Micrococcus , Serratia , Lactobacillus , and Mycobacterium 3,4 . However, it is not easy to identify the most troublesome microorganisms in a particular situation, as the main bacterial species vary from facility to facility based on site‐specific factors such as feed water quality, temperature, location, and method.…”

“…This includes species of Pseudomonas, Corynebacterium, Bacillus, Arthrobacter, Aeromonas, Flavobacterium, Moraxella, Micrococcus, Serratia, Lactobacillus, and Mycobacterium. 3,4 However, it is not easy to identify the most troublesome microorganisms in a particular situation, as the main bacterial species vary from facility to facility based on site-specific factors such as feed water quality, temperature, location, and method. In most water treatment plants, conventional procedures such as chlorine and other chemical disinfectants are utilized to limit microbial proliferation.…”

EPS producing microorganisms from municipal wastewater activated sludge

“…Total genomic DNA of all the bacterial strains was extracted by using Qiagen DNA extraction kit according to manufactures instructions. Polymerase chain reaction of these genomic DNA was carried out to amplify the 16S rRNA region using a primer set of 9F:5'-gagtttgatcctggtcag-3' and 1512R:5'-acggtaccttgttacgac-3' [9]. Primers were synthesized from Integrated DNA technologies USA.…”