Analysis of Truck Tractor Tire Damage in the Context of the Study of Road Accident Causes

Abstract

There are many accidents in road traffic involving both heavy goods vehicles and passenger vehicles, and the interpretation of the causes of some accidents can be very difficult. The paper presents the results of an analysis of the road accident causes involving a truck and two passenger cars. The hypothesis was verified that the incident took place after the damage to the front wheel of the truck, which resulted in an uncontrolled change of the direction of its travel and leaving the lane in the opposite direction of the passenger cars. The damaged tire was inspected, and traces were described in the form of cracks on the side surface, irregular abrasion on the central part of the side surface and near the bead, as well as deformations resulting from damage to the cord. The thesis was made that the tire cracked as a result of its material structure defects. In order to verify it, bench tests were carried out on the deformation of the tire sidewall at various load conditions, which simulated driving with too little air pressure in the tire. Detailed studies of the fracture of the tire sidewall and the wires that make up its steel cord were carried out. Macroscopic examination of the cord wires on eight samples revealed the presence of corrosion changes that should not occur under normal operating conditions. The results of the research work indicate that tire rupture was caused by delamination of the material coatings and corrosion of the steel cord wires. These defects could have arisen due to the earlier cracking of the rubber layer and the ingress of moisture or as a result of the use of corroded steel cord wires in tire production. In the analyzed case, the driver could not regain control of the vehicle and avoid a collision with oncoming vehicles.

Toward detailed modeling of tires with linear elastic rubber compounds using finite element method

“…Where 𝜎 𝑑𝑒𝑣 = 𝜎 𝑣𝑜𝑙 − 𝜎 and 𝜎 𝑣𝑜𝑙 = In line with the tire's known failure zone in the static experimental tests [9], [10], we observed a densification of stresses in the sidewall region at the right of the contact zone caused by the lateral deformation associated with the radial deformation.…”

“…Wang et al [8] instead adopted a linear elastic composite model and validated its performance with experimental tests. The main drawback associated with the laminar approach is that it is difficult to model and predict the failure mechanism [9], [10] of the matrix, the rebar, or the cohesive bond connecting them. Therefore, detailed modeling with real rebars not only allows us to get the previously known results but also opens the doors to failure modeling.…”

Consequences of load distribution in selected vehicles in the context of changing the position of the vehicle’s centre of gravity

“…PM in the air of predominantly densely built-up cities is a serious issue and causes premature deaths 9,10 . There is also a danger of suspension destruction in connection with a sudden body descent that can be a reason for a car accident, as also given in publication 11 in which the authors concluded that the axle road is the main cause of heavy weight vehicles' malfunctions on highways in Poland, and then there is an increased risk of congestions due to obstructions, which is a frequent phenomena on the highways. Thus, the axle load has a negative impact on the economics, air quality as well as supply chains [12][13][14] .…”

Cyclic Testing of Polymer Composites and Textile Cords for Tires

“…The tire consists of a tire casing and a rim. An automobile radial tire casing with classical construction [ 3 ] consists of rubber with textile and steel cords [ 4 ] in a tire crown and carcass, Figure 1 . The construction parts applied to the radial tire casings of the passenger car are a steel cord belt, a textile carcass, and a textile overlap belt [ 5 , 6 ].…”