Analysis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension content in exercise physiology textbooks

Abstract

de Lira CAB, Viana RB, Luz NF, de Santana MG, Campos MH, Vancini RL, Andrade MS. Analysis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension content in exercise physiology textbooks. The textbook is a pedagogical tool that provides students and professionals with scientific information. As exercise is an important strategy for the prevention and treatment of noncommunicable diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and arterial hypertension, the presence of correct and up-to-date scientific information in exercise physiology textbooks is important. Our aim was to analyze T2DM and arterial hypertension content in exercise physiology textbooks and compare this content with the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) position stands. Comparative descriptions were made between information regarding T2DM and arterial hypertension found in textbooks (n ϭ 10) and similar information contained in the official ACSM position stands. The quality of the content was compared with current scientific information present in the ACSM position stands. In regards to T2DM, eight textbooks provided information regarding the purpose and benefits of exercise, two provided information regarding exercise prescription, seven provided information regarding the type of exercise, six provided information regarding general care and recommendations, and five provided information regarding the mechanisms involved. In regards to arterial hypertension, all textbooks provided information regarding the purpose and benefit of exercise, six provided information regarding exercise prescription, nine provided information regarding the type of exercise, two provided information regarding general care and recommendations, and seven provided information regarding the mechanisms involved. All textbooks analyzed contained information related to physical exercise for patients with T2DM and arterial hypertension. However, the textbooks differed in terms of the quality of the contents, especially in regard to exercise prescription. chronic disease; exercise; medical education; noncommunicable disease; textbooks

Exercise Science in High School Biology Textbooks

“…A guiding document was created to allow the analysis of each biology textbook to be organized into a schematic model. This guide was adapted from de Lira et al 7 and the topics addressed in this guiding document were: i) Presence of content that is related to exercise science; ii) presence of misconceptions regarding exercise science; and iii) health benefits provided by physical exercise. All textbooks were carefully investigated in order to locate the text, chapters, or references that addressed the topic of exercise science.…”

“…3,4 Previous studies have shown the presence of misconceptions within high school 5,6 and university textbooks. 7 In regard to biology textbooks, content analysis has suggested the presence of misconceptions, [8][9][10][11][12] and that quality of images, text-image relationships, and its function for learning is affected. [13][14][15] Therefore, teachers should be prepared to deal with any inaccuracies such as misconceptions, decontextualized examples, lack of information, and confusing and complex illustrations, as the students that are exposed to these misconceptions may regard them as being factual.…”

Assessment of medication adherence in patients with Type 2 Diabetes and arterial hypertension: medication adherence in chronic disease

“…Estas são de longa duração, afetam a vida do indivíduo (Gyasi et al, 2020) e ameaçam sobrecarregar os sistemas de saúde (World Health Organizaton, 2020), prejudicando o desenvolvimento social e económico em todo o mundo (World Health Organizaton, 2013). A Diabetes Mellitus (DM) tipo 2 e a Hipertensão Arterial (HTA) são DCNT de progressão lenta (Lira et al, 2019) que frequentemente coexistem (Sampanis & Zamboulis, 2008). Os doentes com DM têm duas vezes maior prevalência de HTA, comparando com a população no geral (Sampanis & Zamboulis, 2008;Volpe et al, 2015), sendo a HTA a maior causa de morte prematura no mundo (World Health Organization, 2020), considerada um problema de saúde pública (Radovanovic et al, 2014).…”

“…These are long-term and affect the life of the individual (Gyasi et al, 2020) and threaten to overburden health systems (World Health Organizaton, 2020), hampering social and economic development worldwide (World Health Organizaton, 2013). Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Arterial Hypertension (AH) are slow-progressing NCDs (Lira et al, 2019) that often coexist (Sampanis & Zamboulis, 2008). Diabetic patients have twice the prevalence of AH compared to the general population (Sampanis & Zamboulis, 2008;Volpe et al, 2015), being AH a major cause of premature death worldwide (World Health Organization, 2020) and it is considered a public health problem (Radovanovic et al, 2014).…”

“…The mortality and morbidity associated with nonadherence can reach disproportionately high values, with serious repercussions on the population's health and high financial costs (Hsu et al, 2003), representing a global problem (Vrijens et al, 2017;AlQarni et al, 2019;Lor et al, 2019). Nonadherence is now known as the main cause for the reduction in the quality of life, the increase in medical costs and the overuse of health services (Awodele & Osuolale, 2015;Brown et al, 2016;Lira et al, 2019;Rodrigues et al, 2017). However, to date, through an extensive literature search of studies about & Osuolale, 2015; Brown et al, 2016;Lira et al, 2019;Rodrigues et al, 2017).…”