A experiment of infrared characteristics of space target have been carried out in situ using ground equipments to better study the rule of the parameters related to the object characteristics. The experimental facility is realized in the laboratory. This facility serves two purposes, one is to verify the feasibility of the ground test for infrared characteristics of space target, and the other is to supply the required data for target characteristics simulations. The target characteristic ground experimental system consists of a space environment simulator, a space target simulator and infrared signal measuring apparatus. The space environment simulator afford an condition that the vacuum pressure is 10 -4 Pa, 80K , absorptivity about 0.9 radiation shield, and the radiation sources similar to the space environment. The different experiments based on different flight parameters of the same target were carried out like system engineering. The experiment results are consistent with the results of simulation and theory analyzing. The experiment is reasonable and efficient, which contributes to the research on the characteristic of target, and parts of the experiment system give a new method to the similar study.