Analysis of urinary proteomic patterns for diabetic nephropathy by ProteinChip

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the main cause of mortality for diabetic patients. The objective of this work was to develop a proteomic approach to detect proteins or peptides in urine for identifying individuals in the early stage of DN. We obtained urine samples from 106 diabetic patients and 50 healthy subjects. Early stage of DN was defined as urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio between 30 to 299 mg/g. Mass spectra were generated using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Peaks were detected by Ciphergen SELDI software version 3.1. Over 1000 proteins or peptides were obtained using ProteinChip. About 200 of them, the m/z values were in the range from 1008.5 to 79 942.3 Da. These values were significantly differentiated between diabetic patients and contro1 subjects. A mathematical analysis revealed that a cluster of 8 up-regulated proteins and 16 down-regulated proteins was in the diabetic patients, with m/z values from 2197.3 to 79 613 Da. Four top-ranked proteins, with m/z values of 4139.0, 4453.5, 5281.1, and 5898.5 Da, were selected as the potential fingerprints for detection of early stage DN with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 80%. ProteinChip technology may be a novel non-invasive method for detecting early stage DN.

Proteome‐base biomarkers in diabetes mellitus: Progress on biofluids' protein profiling using mass spectrometry

“…Although considered an efficient approach for biomarker discovery in DM, until recently, urinary proteomics has been considered an arduous task with limited outcomes. Most of the research on urinary biomarkers for DM was performed to type 2 DM , likely reflecting the higher incidence of this disease compared to type 1 DM. Indeed, few studies have searched biomarkers for type 1 DM .…”

Urinary Fetuin-A Is a Novel Marker for Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Identified by Lectin Microarray

“…Recently, the urinary proteome analyses have been performed using 2-dementional gel electrophoresis and subsequent mass spectrometry to identify the novel urinary markers [8]–[10]; however, the identification of new markers may be suffered from contamination of urinary major proteins such as albumin, immunoglobulins, α1-antitrypsin, transferrin, and haptoglobin. In the line of considerations, we focused on the alterations of glycochains to identify useful urinary biomarkers.…”

Quantitative iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Identification of Candidate Biomarkers for Diabetic Nephropathy in Plasma of Type 1 Diabetic Patients

“…Although several studies of urine, plasma and serum from T2D patients have been conducted [18][19][20][21], the plasma of T1D patients has not been fully examined. In this report, we present data to show that plasma obtained from three different stages of diabetic nephropathy in T1D patients contains candidate biomarkers for diabetic nephropathy.…”