Analysis of Vehicle–Pedestrian Interactive Behaviors near Unsignalized Crosswalk

Abstract

Road traffic accidents are a leading cause of premature deaths and globally pose a severe threat to human lives. In particular, pedestrians crossing the road present a major cause of vehicle–pedestrian accidents in South Korea, but we lack dense behavioral data to understand the risk they face. This paper proposes a new analytical system for potential pedestrian risk scenes based on video footage obtained by road security cameras already deployed at unsignalized crosswalks. The system can automatically extract the behavioral features of vehicles and pedestrians, affecting the likelihood of potentially dangerous situations after detecting them in individual objects. With these features, we can analyze the movement patterns of vehicles and pedestrians at individual sites, and understand where potential traffic risk scenes occur frequently. Experiments were conducted on four selected behavioral features: vehicle velocity, pedestrian position, vehicle–pedestrian distance, and vehicle–crosswalk distance. Then, to show how they can be useful for monitoring the traffic behaviors on the road, the features are visualized and interpreted to show how they may or may not contribute to potential pedestrian risks at these crosswalks: (i) by analyzing vehicle velocity changes near the crosswalk when there are no pedestrians present; and (ii) analyzing vehicle velocities by vehicle–pedestrian distances when pedestrians are on the crosswalk. The feasibility of the proposed system is validated by applying the system to multiple unsignalized crosswalks in Osan city, South Korea.

Vision-Based Pedestrian’s Crossing Risky Behavior Extraction and Analysis for Intelligent Mobility Safety System

“…Unlike our previous study [29], this research analyzed a variety of potential collision risky behaviors, and expanded the scale to more cameras over longer time frames by capturing diverse road environments, such as signalized and unsignalized crosswalks. This study is an extension of our previous work [21], being similar to the object detection and tracking parts. However, this study handled more video data from multiple spots, unlike the previous one, and further aimed at extracting behavioral features including risky behavioral characteristics such as PSM as well as simple features such as speed and position.…”

“…However, this study handled more video data from multiple spots, unlike the previous one, and further aimed at extracting behavioral features including risky behavioral characteristics such as PSM as well as simple features such as speed and position. Furthermore, this study focused on analyzing these features in terms of potential risks between vehicle and pedestrian, unlike our previous one [21].…”

“…The results indicate that the average TTC is shorter when the pedestrians are not using the pedestrian crossing and emerged from behind obstructions. The authors in [21] proposed a new analytical system for potential pedestrian risk scenes based on video footage obtained by road security cameras already deployed at unsignalized crosswalks. Similarly, the authors in [22] proposed a new framework for a vision sensor-based intersection pedestrian collision warning system (IPCWS) that gives a collision warning to drivers approaching an intersection by predicting the pedestrian's crossing intention based on various machine learning algorithms.…”

A novel method of predictive collision risk area estimation for proactive pedestrian accident prevention system in urban surveillance infrastructure

“…Since this study is an extension of our previous studies, [18]- [21], the detailed descriptions about some methods for data collection and preprocessing parts are omitted. Please refer to our previous studies for the detailed explanation [18]- [20].…”

Investigating the Critical Characteristics of Pedestrian-Vehicle Game Modes at Unsignalized Crosswalks: Based on MCMC and BP Network

“…The decision-making of pedestrians in crossing the street is usually determined by the distance between motor vehicles and the crosswalk, but also by factors such as the safe distance for pedestrians to stand and the time required for waiting (Li et al, 2013, Khallouk et al, 2018. The driving behavior of motor vehicles is mainly determined by factors such as the speed of pedestrians, the distance to the conflict point, and other factors (Obeid et al, 2017, Noh et al, 2021. Therefore, at unsignalized crosswalks, pedestrians and motor vehicle drivers have to negotiate rights of way to determine who should cross first, which may lead to conflicts (Amado et al, 2020).…”