Analysis of Water/Oil Ratio in Complex Carbonate Reservoirs Under Water-Flood

Al-Otaibi, S.; Cinar, Yildiray; Shehri, Dhafer Al

doi:10.2118/194982-ms

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The critical production rate is the rate at which the pressure gradient flowing down the well causes water (or gas) to flow into the well. At a critical level, the cone that is formed will be stable but is in the position of the latest breakthrough (Ahmed, 2019). Critical flow rate calculation is done by using the following equation:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Water Coning and Breakthrough Time Prediction on ZNC Field

Fattahanisa,

Setiati,

Ristawati

et al. 2023

JPGT

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Given the current public need for oil and gas as a primary energy, all oil and gas companies need to increase production to meet this demand. One of the things companies usually do to achieve this is to evaluate and analyze the productivity of each well. Of course, production decreases from time to time, so the company must try to increase its production. One of the reasons for the decline in oil production from the ZNC-1 well in the ZNC Field is the production of excessive water content. There are several factors that cause excessive water content in oil wells, and this is called water coning. The method used to determine the occurrence of the water cone problem requires qualitative and quantitative analysis. In using qualitative analysis, two analyzes were carried out, including an analysis of the production history of the well and an analysis of the Chan Diagnostic Plot showing bottom-water coning problems with late-time channeling. Meanwhile, based on the quantitative results, the critical flow rate of the ZNC-1 well calculated using the Bornazel and Jeanson method is 167 STB/D. With these results, the value of the critical flow discharge is greater than the actual discharge, which is 291.3 STB/D. Thus it can be ascertained that there has been water coning in the ZNC-1 well. After that, the breakthrough time obtained by the Bournazel and Jeanson method was 361.3 days.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, if a well is producing above its critical level, water will break through the water-oil boundary to form a cone after a certain period of time. This is what is called Breakthrough Time or tBT (Ahmed, 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Water Coning and Breakthrough Time Prediction on ZNC Field

Fattahanisa,

Setiati,

Ristawati

et al. 2023

JPGT

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show abstract

“…Many investigators have extended the works of Chan, 1995. For example Al-Otaibi et al [10] scrutinized the Chan's diagnostic plots with production logs (PLT) and pressure transient analysis (PTA) to gain better insight into water entry through fractures in carbonate reservoirs. Cinar et al [11] developed an automated workflow to diagnose and evaluate water production signatures for a mix of vertical and lateral wells in carbonate reservoirs under waterflooding for rate optimization, remedial intervention planning and reservoir description.…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosing High Water Production in Kalama Field, Niger Delta

Joseph

James²

2021

JERR

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Produced water is water trapped in underground formations that is brought to the surface along with oil or gas. It is by far the largest volume by-product or waste stream associated with oil and gas production especially in brown fields. Management of produced water present challenges and costs to operations. In this paper, the possible causes, effects and solutions of high water-cut is being investigated in some production oil wells in Niger Delta, using Kalama field as a case study. Diagnostic and performance plots were developed in order to determine the source of water as well as to evaluate the impact of excess water production on oil production and in field economics in general. Results obtained from the diagnostic plots showed the possible sources of water production are channeling behind casing and multi-layered channeling. The recommended remediation is cementation through a workover operation. Also, a concise step to be taken for identifying excess water was also developed in this work to effectively control excess water production in oil producing wells.

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Integrated fracture characterization of Asmari reservoir in Haftkel field

Khadivi

Alinaghi

Dehghani

et al. 2022

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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The Asmari reservoir in Haftkel field is one of the most prolific naturally fractured reservoirs in the Zagros folded zone in the southwest of Iran. The primary production was commenced in 1928 and continued until 1976 with a plateau rate of 200,000 bbl/day for several years. There was an initial gas cap on the oil column. Gas injection was commenced in June 1976 and so far, 28% of the initial oil in place have been recovered. As far as we concerned, fracture network is a key factor in sustaining oil production; therefore, it needs to be characterized and results be deployed in designing new wells to sustain future production. Multidisciplinary fracture evaluation from well to reservoir scale is a great privilege to improve model’s accuracy as well as enhancing reliability of future development plan in an efficient manner. Fracture identification and modeling usually establish at well scale and translate to reservoir using analytical or numerical algorithms with the limited tie-points between wells. Evaluating fracture network from production data can significantly improve conventional workflow where limited inter-well information is available. By incorporating those evidences, the fracture modeling workflow can be optimized further where lateral and vertical connectivity is a concern. This paper begins with the fracture characterization whereby all available data are evaluated to determine fracture patterns and extension of fracture network across the field. As results, a consistent correlation is obtained between the temperature gradient and productivity of wells, also convection phenomenon is confirmed. The findings of this section help us in better understanding fracture network, hydrodynamic communication and variation of temperature. Fracture modeling is the next step where characteristics of fractures are determined according to the structural geology and stress directions. Also, the fault’s related fractures and density of fractures are determined. Meanwhile, the results of data evaluation are deployed into the fracture model to control distribution and characteristics of fracture network, thereby a better representation is obtained that can be used for evaluating production data and optimizing development plan.

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Analysis of Water/Oil Ratio in Complex Carbonate Reservoirs Under Water-Flood

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Water Coning and Breakthrough Time Prediction on ZNC Field

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Water Coning and Breakthrough Time Prediction on ZNC Field

Diagnosing High Water Production in Kalama Field, Niger Delta

Integrated fracture characterization of Asmari reservoir in Haftkel field

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