Analysis of writing/printing paper via Thermogravimetric Analysis: application in forensic science

Kumar, Raj; Sharma, Vishal; Verma, Neha; Diwan, P.K.; Kumar, Vinay; Kumar, Vijay

doi:10.1080/00450618.2017.1310921

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Figure 1 d presents two distinctive zones of thermal degradation of the paper. The first zone between 260 and 360 °C was associated with degradation of hemicellulose contained in the paper, and the second zone between 360 and 480 °C was associated with degradation of cellulose contained in the paper [ 37 ]. Other minor thermal degradation patterns shown in Figure 1 d were likely ascribed to degradation of ink printed on the paper.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis for Nylon 6 Monomer Recovery from Teabag Waste

Kim

Lee

2020

Polymers

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In this work, we used pyrolysis to treat teabag waste (TBW). Changes in the pyrolysis temperature affected the composition and yield of the products. For example, more non-condensable gases and less char were produced with an increase in the pyrolysis temperature. Pyrolysis conducted under a nitrogen environment yielded caprolactam at temperatures between 400 and 700 °C. An increase in the pyrolysis temperature from 400 to 500 °C increased the caprolactam yield from 3.1 to 6.2 wt.%. At 700 °C, the yield decreased to 4.6 wt.%. The highest caprolactam yield (i.e., 6.2 wt.% at 500 °C) was equivalent to 59.2 wt.% on the basis of the weight of the non-biomass part of the TBW. The pyrolytic products other than caprolactam (e.g., combustible gases, pyrolytic liquid, and char) can function as fuels to supply energy during pyrolysis in order to increase and maintain the temperature. The higher heating values (HHVs) of the combustible gases and pyrolytic liquid produced at 500 °C were 7.7 and 8.3 MJ kg−1, respectively. The HHV of the char produced at 500 °C was 23 MJ kg−1, which is comparable to the HHV of coal. This work will help to develop effective pyrolysis processes to valorize everyday waste by recovering value-added chemicals such as polymer monomers and by producing alternative fuels.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis for Nylon 6 Monomer Recovery from Teabag Waste

Kim

Lee

2020

Polymers

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“…The response in the temperature range 250-370°C is the degradation of hemicellulose, resulting from the reaction, which is a gas and volatile intermediates. Then, the response in the temperature range of 300-400°C is the degradation of cellulose, where cellulose has higher thermal stability than hemicellulose [45].…”

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysis / Derivative Thermogravimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Municipal Solid Waste to Energy: Palletization of Paper and Garden Waste into Refuse Derived Fuel

Suryawan¹,

Septiariva²,

Fauziah³

et al. 2022

J. Ecol. Eng.

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The purpose of this research was to process a mixture of paper waste and garden waste based on material flow analysis and to analyze its parameters based on water content, ash content, heating value, along with Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA)/Derivative Thermogravimetry (DTG). The garden waste treatment process consists of shredding, drying with a rotary dryer, separator, and then shaving with a hammer mill. Paper waste only needs a shredder process. Then, the mixing process and pelletizing of paper waste as well as garden waste are carried out according to the variation (w/w) 100% paper (K100), 75% paper (K75), 50% paper (K50), 25% paper (K25), and 100% garden waste (K0). The water content ranged from 5.8 to 15.25%. From K0 to K100 samples, the ash content increased from 4.54 to 9.85%. A correlation of 0.9047 was found from samples K0 to K100. There was a correlation between increasing calorific value along with the mixture with paper waste. The caloric value in K0 to K100 increased from 13.11 to 19.03 MJ/kg. The TGA/DTG analysis reduced mass due to water evaporation, devolatilization, and carbonization processes.

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“…Since the last review, 8 articles have been published on this topic [ [96] , [97] , [98] , [99] , [100] , [101] , [102] , [103] ].…”

Section: Paper Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kumar R. and al [ 103 ] discriminated 24 different kinds of writing/printing papers by using Thermogravimetric Analysis with a discriminating power of 99.28%.…”

Section: Paper Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%