Analysis on Microbial Profiles &amp; Components of Bile in Patients with Recurrent CBD Stones after Endoscopic CBD Stone Removal: A Preliminary Study

Choe, Jung Wan; Lee, Jae Min; Hyun, Jong Jin; Lee, Hong Sik

doi:10.3390/jcm10153303

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The presence of living bacteria in gallstones has been demonstrated using multiple methods ( Swidsinski et al, 1995 ; Lee et al, 1999 ; Hazrah et al, 2004 ; Ramana Ramya et al, 2017 ). Moreover, several studies have shown that the alterations of bacteria in bile were linked to biliary diseases, such as cholelithiasis ( Petrov et al, 2020 ), cholangiocarcinoma ( Chen B. et al, 2019 ), common bile duct stones ( Choe et al, 2021 ; Kim et al, 2021 ), biliary injury ( Ying Liu et al, 2018 ), and primary sclerosing cholangitis ( Pereira et al, 2017 ; Timur Liwinski et al, 2019 ). While works have reported that bacteria could be detected in gallstones, the bacterial spectrum remains unclear in cholelithiasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape in the gallbladder mycobiome and bacteriome of patients undergoing cholelithiasis with chronic cholecystitis

Tang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Gallstone disease (GSD) is associated with changes in the gut and gallbladder bacterial composition, but there is limited information on the role of the fungal community (mycobiome) in disease development. This study aimed to characterize the gallbladder mycobiome profiles and their interactions with bacteriome in GSD. A total of 136 bile and gallstone samples (34 paired for bacteriome, and 33 paired and extra 2 bile samples for mycobiome) were obtained from calculi patients with chronic cholecystitis. Bile and gallstone bacteriome and mycobiome were profiled by 16S and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA gene sequencing, respectively. Gallbladder bacteriome, mycobiome, and interkingdom and intrakingdom interactions were compared between bile and gallstone. In general, microbial diversity was higher in bile than in gallstone, and distinct microbial community structures were observed among them. Deep Sea Euryarchaeotic Group, Rhodobacteraceae, and Rhodobacterales were microbial biomarkers of bile, while Clostridiales and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes were biomarkers of gallstone. Five fungal taxa, including Colletotrichum, Colletotrichum sublineola, and Epicoccum, were enriched in gallstone. Further ecologic analyses revealed that intensive transkingdom correlations between fungi and bacteria and intrakingdom correlations within them observed in gallstone were significantly decreased in bile. Large and complex fungal communities inhabit the gallbladder of patients with GSD. Gallstone, compared with bile, is characterized by significantly altered bacterial taxonomic composition and strengthened bacterial–bacterial, fungal–fungal, and bacterial–fungal correlations in the gallbladder of patients with GSD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape in the gallbladder mycobiome and bacteriome of patients undergoing cholelithiasis with chronic cholecystitis

Tang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…22 Evidence has shown that BAs play important roles in the prevention of the formation of gallstones, 23 whereas this study suggested the crucial roles of BAs in CBDS recurrence. Jung et al 24 found that decreased BAs in the bile juice was associated with bile duct stone recurrence. Consistent with previous the present study demonstrated that altered BA concentration in the serum was closely related to the recurrence of CBDS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bile acid profiles in choledocholithiasis and their ability to predict common bile duct stone recurrence after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography treatment

Guan

Zhang

et al. 2022

J Hepato Biliary Pancreat

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Background/Purpose This study aimed to explore the alteration of bile acid (BA) profiles in patients with choledocholithiasis (CDC) and construct a prediction model for evaluating the risk of common bile duct stone (CBDS) recurrence after endoscopic treatment. Methods A total of 320 patients (218 with CDC and 102 with nonneoplastic polyps) were enrolled. The serum BA profiles were compared between groups. Both diagnostic score of CDC and prognostic risk score of CBDS recurrence based on BAs were established by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. A nomogram model was developed combining the risk score with clinical factors selected by Cox regression analysis. Results The BA profiles of patients with CDC were different from those of controls, which was mainly exhibited by an increase in conjugated BAs and the ratio of primary to secondary BA and a decrease in the hydrophobic BA ratio. The diagnostic model effectively distinguished patients with CDC from controls with an area under the curve of 0.763. Patients with CDC with a low BA risk score exhibited a high possibility of stone recurrence–free survival. The hazard ratios of history of cholecystectomy, multiple stones (n ≥ 2), bile duct angulation ≥132.7, and low BA risk score were 2.43, 4.18, 0.42, and 0.31, respectively. Conclusions The serum BA profiles were altered in patients with CDC and could be used to distinguish patients with CDC from controls. The nomogram model developed for predicting the risk of CBDS recurrence in patients with CDC after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography treatment had high accuracy and clinical usability.

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“…According to a recent study on the microbiome in patients with recurrent CBD stones, microbiome dysbiosis affects the rate of CBD stone recurrence. In addition, seven genera, including enterococcus, were found more frequently (albeit non-significantly) in patients with stone recurrence [ 16 ]. In our study, significant biliary microbial alterations were observed in the SR group as compared with the NSR group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have shown that the composition of the bile duct microbiome differs from those of upper digestive sites such as the oral cavity and duodenum [ 20 ]. Furthermore, several authors have suggested that retrograde infection from the duodenal microbiome could be the source of biliary infections [ 16 , 21 , 22 ]. In a recent study, Han et al reported similarities between the microbiomes of duodenal juice and bile fluid in patients with choledocholithiasis and suggested the possibility of an association between duodenal-biliary reflux and choledocholithiasis at the microbiome level [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bile Microbiome in Patients with Recurrent Common Bile Duct Stones and Correlation with the Duodenal Microbiome

Lee

Park

Bae³

et al. 2022

Life

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Background: Common bile duct (CBD) stone recurrence is a common late adverse event after CBD stone treatment. In this preliminary study, we compared the bile fluid and duodenum microbial profiles of patients with or without recurrent CBD stones to identify risk factors associated with recurrence. Methods: Bile fluid samples of 47 consecutive patients who underwent ERCP for biliary diseases were subjected to microbiome analysis. Nineteen patients were stone-recurrent (SR), and 28 patients were non-stone-recurrent (NSR). Paired samples (duodenum biopsy tissue and bile fluid samples) from five SR patients were used to compare microbiome compositions in the biliary system and duodenum. In addition, we compared the microbiome compositions of these duodenal tissue samples with those 12 controls (gastric ulcer patients without recurrent CBD stones). Results: Enterococcaceae_unclassified and enterococcus were more abundant in bile fluid in the SR group than in the NSR group (p = 0.002 and p = 0.003, respectively). A comparison of the microbiome compositions of duodenum tissue and bile fluid samples of the five recurrent CBD stone patients revealed proteobacteria compositions were almost identical from the phylum to genus level. In these five patients, alpha and beta diversities were no different in bile fluid and duodenal tissues. Furthermore, a comparison of the microbiome compositions of duodenal mucosa in patients with recurrent CBD stone patients (n = 5) and controls (n = 12) revealed significant differences between microbiome compositions. Conclusions: Enterococcus seems to contribute to CBD stone development. Furthermore, our results indicate that retrograde migration of the duodenal microbiome may contribute to bile microbiome alterations. We recommend that more research be conducted to confirm this hypothesis.

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Analysis on Microbial Profiles & Components of Bile in Patients with Recurrent CBD Stones after Endoscopic CBD Stone Removal: A Preliminary Study

Cited by 15 publications

References 30 publications

Landscape in the gallbladder mycobiome and bacteriome of patients undergoing cholelithiasis with chronic cholecystitis

Landscape in the gallbladder mycobiome and bacteriome of patients undergoing cholelithiasis with chronic cholecystitis

Bile acid profiles in choledocholithiasis and their ability to predict common bile duct stone recurrence after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography treatment

Bile Microbiome in Patients with Recurrent Common Bile Duct Stones and Correlation with the Duodenal Microbiome

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