Analysis on risk factors of hypoglycemic consciousness disorder

Abstract

Backgroud : Hypoglycemia can easily cause consciousness disorder, but some patients may not experience it. Currently, few clinical studies have delved into the characteristics of hypoglycemic patients, as well as the inducers and risk factors of consciousness disorder. Objective : To explore the high-risk factors and inducements of consciousness disorder in patients with hypoglycemia. Methods : Totally 292 inpatients were selected who received hypoglycemia treatment in the Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, and Yubei People's Hospital from January 2010 to June 2022. The patients were divided into consciousness disorder group (n=220) and non-consciousness disorder group (n=72) according to the consciousness disorder at admission. We compared proportion of diabetic patients, blood glucose level, duration of hypoglycemia, and incidence rate of complications between two groups, and analyzed the predisposing factors of hypoglycemic consciousness disorders and the outcomes after treatment of hypoglycemia. Results : All 292 patients were mainly elderly (87.67%) and diabetic (80.14%). Among these, 220 cases (66.7%) were complicated with consciousness disorder. Insulin injection and infection were the major inducements of hypoglycemic consciousness disorder. Compared with non-consciousness disorder group, the disorder group had lower blood glucose levels and longer hypoglycemia durations. Fewer patients had diabetes and hypertension alone , those with multiple comorbidities were more prevalent .Besides ,there was no significant difference in age, sex and serum creatinine level between two groups. Conclusion : The main inducements of hypoglycemic consciousness disorder are insulin injection and infection, And the high-risk factors include severity and duration of hypoglycemia , as well as various complications, but the patients with diabetes and hypertension alone are relatively less likely to develop consciousness disorder during hypoglycemia.