With the continuous growth of urban motor vehicle ownership and the increasing complexity of the road traffic environment, dynamic evaluation by analyzing the arrival characteristics of vehicles in the inlet lane of a single intersection is a prerequisite for achieving adaptive control at intersections. This paper establishes a new evaluation system based on the Traffic Smooth Index (SI) by comparing the three indexes of occupancy ratio, speed, and queue length with various weight coefficient determination methods. At the same time, a mathematical set-pair analysis (SPA) model based on the new evaluation system is constructed to reduce or eliminate the subjective influence and establish the five elements' connection number from the same, different, and opposite perspectives. Finally, taking an intersection in the Yanjiao area of Hebei Province as an example, the cluster analysis method and the set pair analysis method were respectively used to distinguish the traffic status level of this section under different time intervals, which proved the superiority of the form and the characteristic that the more subdivided time interval, the more sensitive the changing trend.