With the promotion of the concept of nationwide reading in the report of the 20th Party Congress, building a Scholarly China has become a macro trend in the development of Chinese society. The family, as the basic unit of the country, has become an important position for promoting reading. Family capital, as a collection of explicit and implicit resources, has an important influence on the formation of family reading culture. How to allocate family capital reasonably and form a good family reading culture has become an important topic to explore in the context of promoting nationwide reading in China's new era. However, previous studies have mostly focused on the influence of family capital on students, with few exploring its impact on families as a whole (parents and children), and no research has discussed the influence of family capital on family reading culture. In addition, previous research on family reading culture has mainly been theoretical and lacked empirical research. This paper focuses on three dimensions of family capital: economic capital, cultural capital, and social capital, and explores their influence on family reading culture respectively. It aims to explore the factors influencing family capital on family reading culture, provide theoretical support for the development of family reading culture, and provide an empirical perspective for developing and improving nationwide reading in the context of the new era.