Analysis on thermal behavior of fluorides and cyanides for heat-treating spent cathode carbon blocks from aluminum smelters by TG/DSC-MS &amp; ECSA®

Li, Rongbin; Lu, Tingting; Xie, Mingzhuang; Liu, Fengqin

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110015

Cited by 40 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In aluminum electrolysis industry of China, the main components of cathode are carbon materials. The constant penetration of electrolyte in the process of electrolysis makes the impurity content in the cathode graphite carbon block increase, which causes the cathode structure to be damaged and the electrolysis efficiency is reduced 1 . Therefore, it is necessary to replace the aluminum electrolysis cathode regularly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Graphite is one of the main anode materials for Li-ion batteries by the reason of high specific discharge capacity, high compaction density, non-toxicity, stable cycling performance and better safety compared with lithium metal 7 . The spent cathode of aluminum electrolysis is graphite carbon block, which contains 60%-70% carbon 1 . Therefore, it is an effective way to use it as anode of lithium-ion battery after impurity removal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diffusion coefficient analysis of aluminum electrolysis spent cathode as anode material for lithium-ion battery

Huang

Peng

et al. 2022

Ionics

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The aluminum electrolysis spent cathode (SC) was treated by hydrothermal method and used as anode material for lithium-ion battery. The purified SC material shows excellent electrochemical performance. In order to understand the diffusion behavior of Li + in the SC electrode, the diffusion coefficient of Li + in the SC electrode was systematically analyzed by galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that the diffusion coefficient (D Li + ) of Li + in SC electrode is calculated by CV is 2.2292×10 -11 cm 2 •s -1 , which is calculated by GITT and EIS ranges are 4.2286×10 -13 -2.9667×10 -10 cm 2 •s -1 , 4.05×10 -13 -3.87×10 -12 cm 2 •s -1 , respectively. SC electrode exhibits better Li + diffusion kinetics compared to commercial graphite (CG). In addition, the full cell of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/SC also shows excellent cycle performance. After 80 cycles at 1 C (1 C=172 mA•g -1 ), the specific discharge capacity of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/SC full-cell can reach 94.7 mAh•g -1 , and the capacity retention can reach 98.13%. The fast lithium-ion diffusion rate and high discharge capacity provide a feasible direction for the high value utilization of aluminum electrolysis spent cathode.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion coefficient analysis of aluminum electrolysis spent cathode as anode material for lithium-ion battery

Huang

Peng

et al. 2022

Ionics

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“…Figure a shows that N 2 , HCN, and NO were the dominant products of cyanide decomposition, and the variation of NO 2 intensity was not observed. Li et al also found that approximately 75% of cyanide in SCC was converted to N 2 , and the remaining part was converted to NO during heat treatment under an Ar–O 2 atmosphere. These results were consistent with the thermodynamic calculation result (Figure ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In addition, SCC usually contains 50–75% carbonaceous materials, of which graphitized carbon reaches 60–70% because of the joint catalysis of high temperature and electrolyte during long-term service . Numerous application technologies of carbonaceous materials from SCC have been explored. ,− Gao et al investigated the feasibility of using SCC to replace coal for blast furnace combustion and proved that it can release sufficient energy in combustion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detoxification and Recovery of Spent Carbon Cathodes via NaOH–Na₂CO₃ Binary Molten Salt Roasting–Water Leaching: Toward a Circular Economy for Hazardous Solid Waste from Aluminum Electrolysis

Yao

Xiao

Mao

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The conversion of solid waste into secondary resources has become a prerequisite for the sustainable development of the industry. This study focused on the development of the detoxification process for spent carbon cathode (SCC) without environmental pollution risks and the exploration of the recycling direction of recovered carbonaceous materials. First, the mechanism of thermodynamic conversion and decomposition of toxic substances was explored. Parameters of NaOH–Na2CO3 binary molten salt roasting were optimized through an orthogonal design and a single-factor experiment, and gas release behavior during detoxification treatment was investigated. Results showed that most of the fluoride and cyanide were dissociated and decomposed, and the leaching concentration of fluoride and cyanide was as low as 7.58 and 0.12 mg/L after detoxification treatment, respectively. Then, a multistage recovery process of fluorine from fluorine-containing leachate was designed, and the comprehensive utilization of exhaust gas and the recycling of the reaction reagent were realized simultaneously. The possibility of recovering graphitized carbon blending to prepare carbon anodes was discussed in detail, and the catalytic mechanism of main impurity elements on the O2/CO2 reactivity of carbon anodes was investigated via density-functional-based tight binding (DFTB). The results showed that the Boudouard reaction and carbon–O2 reaction were affected because of the presence of Ca or Na, and the recovered graphitized carbon with a low blending ratio was more suitable for the preparation of carbon anodes. Finally, an economic benefit analysis was conducted to evaluate the industrial application potential of the proposed detoxification treatment. Compared with landfills, the proposed process reduced the disposal cost while eliminating environmental pollution risks and realized the on-site recovery and reuse of valuable components, showing considerable environmental and economic benefits.

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“…The cyanides were effectively decomposed at high temperatures and Ar–O 2 atmosphere, with around three-quarters of the cyanides being converted to the N 2 and nearly a quarter being to the NO. Finally, analysis of the flue gas composition indicated that it had a more complicated composition [ 273 , 274 ].…”

Section: Applications To Aluminium Industriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-Line Thermally Induced Evolved Gas Analysis: An Update—Part 1: EGA-MS

et al. 2022

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Advances in on-line thermally induced evolved gas analysis (OLTI-EGA) have been systematically reported by our group to update their applications in several different fields and to provide useful starting references. The importance of an accurate interpretation of the thermally-induced reaction mechanism which involves the formation of gaseous species is necessary to obtain the characterization of the evolved products. In this review, applications of Evolved Gas Analysis (EGA) performed by on-line coupling heating devices to mass spectrometry (EGA-MS), are reported. Reported references clearly demonstrate that the characterization of the nature of volatile products released by a substance subjected to a controlled temperature program allows us to prove a supposed reaction or composition, either under isothermal or under heating conditions. Selected 2019, 2020, and 2021 references are collected and briefly described in this review.

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Analysis on thermal behavior of fluorides and cyanides for heat-treating spent cathode carbon blocks from aluminum smelters by TG/DSC-MS & ECSA®

Cited by 40 publications

References 17 publications

Diffusion coefficient analysis of aluminum electrolysis spent cathode as anode material for lithium-ion battery

Diffusion coefficient analysis of aluminum electrolysis spent cathode as anode material for lithium-ion battery

Detoxification and Recovery of Spent Carbon Cathodes via NaOH–Na₂CO₃ Binary Molten Salt Roasting–Water Leaching: Toward a Circular Economy for Hazardous Solid Waste from Aluminum Electrolysis

On-Line Thermally Induced Evolved Gas Analysis: An Update—Part 1: EGA-MS

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Analysis on thermal behavior of fluorides and cyanides for heat-treating spent cathode carbon blocks from aluminum smelters by TG/DSC-MS & ECSA®

Cited by 40 publications

References 17 publications

Diffusion coefficient analysis of aluminum electrolysis spent cathode as anode material for lithium-ion battery

Diffusion coefficient analysis of aluminum electrolysis spent cathode as anode material for lithium-ion battery

Detoxification and Recovery of Spent Carbon Cathodes via NaOH–Na2CO3 Binary Molten Salt Roasting–Water Leaching: Toward a Circular Economy for Hazardous Solid Waste from Aluminum Electrolysis

On-Line Thermally Induced Evolved Gas Analysis: An Update—Part 1: EGA-MS

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Detoxification and Recovery of Spent Carbon Cathodes via NaOH–Na₂CO₃ Binary Molten Salt Roasting–Water Leaching: Toward a Circular Economy for Hazardous Solid Waste from Aluminum Electrolysis