Analytic results for the Casimir free energy between ferromagnetic metals

Korikov, C. C.

doi:10.1103/physreva.91.032119

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…(1) tot ′ (a, T 1 , T 2 ) given by Eq. (20). For this purpose we consider the differential pressure gradient…”

Section: B Computational Results In the Experimental Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a practical matter, this means that the low-frequency response of a metal to the fluctuating electromagnetic field should be described by the lossless dielectric permittivity of the plasma model rather than by the permittivity of the lossy Drude model, which correctly describes the reaction of metals to conventional (real) fields. Moreover, for metallic plates with perfect crystal lattices the Lifshitz theory was found to be in agreement with thermodynamics only when using the plasma model, and to violate the third law of the thermodynamics (the Nernst heat theorem) when the Drude model is used [4,13,[19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Casimir pressure between metallic plates out of thermal equilibrium: Proposed test for the relaxation properties of free electrons

Mostepanenko

Sedmik

2019

Phys. Rev. A

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We propose a test on the role of relaxation properties of conduction electrons in the Casimir pressure between two parallel metal-coated plates kept at different temperatures. It is shown that for sufficiently thick metallic coatings the Casimir pressure and pressure gradient are determined by the mean of the equilibrium contributions calculated at temperatures of the two plates and by the term independent on separation. Numerical computations of the nonequilibrium pressures are performed for two parallel Au plates of finite thickness as a function of separation and temperature of one of the plates using the plasma and Drude models for extrapolation of the optical data of Au to low frequencies. The obtained results essentially depend on the extrapolation used.Modifications of the CANNEX setup, originally developed to measure the Casimir pressure and pressure gradient in thermal equilibrium, are suggested, which allow different temperatures of one of the plates. Computations of the nonequilibrium pressure and pressure gradient are performed for a realistic experimental configuration. According to our results, even with only a 10 K difference in temperature between the plates, the experiment could discriminate between different theoretical predictions for the total pressure and its gradient, as well as for the contributions to them due to nonequilibrium, at high confidence.

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“…(1) tot ′ (a, T 1 , T 2 ) given by Eq. (20). For this purpose we consider the differential pressure gradient…”

Section: B Computational Results In the Experimental Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Casimir pressure between metallic plates out of thermal equilibrium: Proposed test for the relaxation properties of free electrons

Mostepanenko

Sedmik

2019

Phys. Rev. A

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“…On the theoretical side, it was shown that the Lifshitz theory comes into conflict with the Nernst heat theorem when the response of metals with perfect crystal lattices to low-frequency electromagnetic fluctuations is described by the Drude model. This was proven in different geometries for the Casimir interaction between nonmagnetic [44][45][46][47][48] and magnetic [49] metals and, very recently, for the Casimir-Polder interaction of both polarizable and magnetizable atoms interacting with metallic plate [50].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Low-temperature behavior of the Casimir-Polder free energy and entropy for an atom interacting with graphene

Mostepanenko

2018

Phys. Rev. A

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The analytic expressions for the free energy and entropy of the Casimir-Polder interaction between a polarizable and magnetizable atom and a graphene sheet are found in the limiting case of low temperature. In so doing, the response of graphene to electromagnetic fluctuations is described in the framework of the Dirac model by means of the polarization tensor in (2+1)-dimensional space-time. It is shown that the dominant contribution to the low-temperature behavior is given by an explicit dependence of the polarization tensor on temperature as a parameter. We demonstrate that the Lifshitz theory of atom-graphene interaction satisfies the Nernst heat theorem, i.e., is thermodynamically consistent. On this basis possible reasons of thermodynamic inconsistency arising for the Casimir-Polder and Casimir interactions in the case of Drude metals are discussed.The conclusion is made that although large thermal effect arising in the Casimir interaction between Drude metals at short separations should be considered as an artifact, the giant thermal effect predicted for graphene systems is an important physical phenomenon which awaits for its experimental observation.

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“…This means that the dissipationless plasma model, which is in fact applicable only at high frequencies in the region of infrared optics, works well for some reasons even at low frequencies characteristic of the normal skin effect. The problem is aggravated by the fact that for metals with perfect crystal lattices the Casimir entropy calculated within the Lifshitz theory using the Drude model violates the Nernst heat theorem although the same satisfies it if the plasma model is used [18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision measurements of the gradient of the Casimir force between ultraclean metallic surfaces at larger separations

et al. 2019

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We report precision measurements of the Casimir interaction at larger separation distances between the Au-coated surfaces of a sphere and a plate in ultrahigh vacuum using a much softer cantilever of the dynamic atomic force microscope-based setup and two-step cleaning procedure of the vacuum chamber and test body surfaces by means of UV light and Ar-ion bombardment.Compared to the previously performed experiment, two more measurement sets for the gradient of the Casimir force are provided which confirmed and slightly improved the results. Next, additional measurements have been performed with a factor of two larger oscillation amplitude of the cantilever. This allowed obtaining meaningful results at much larger separation distances. The comparison of the measurement data with theoretical predictions of the Lifshitz theory using the dissipative Drude model to describe the response of Au to the low-frequency electromagnetic field fluctuations shows that this theoretical approach is experimentally excluded over the distances from 250 to 1100 nm (i.e., a major step forward has been made as compared to the previous work where it was excluded up to only 820 nm). The theoretical approach using the dissipationless plasma model at low frequencies is shown to be consistent with the data over the entire measurement range from 250 to 1300 nm. The possibilities to explain these puzzling results are discussed. * Umar.Mohideen@ucr.edu arXiv:1911.00703v2 [quant-ph]

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Analytic results for the Casimir free energy between ferromagnetic metals

Cited by 35 publications

References 55 publications

Casimir pressure between metallic plates out of thermal equilibrium: Proposed test for the relaxation properties of free electrons

Casimir pressure between metallic plates out of thermal equilibrium: Proposed test for the relaxation properties of free electrons

Low-temperature behavior of the Casimir-Polder free energy and entropy for an atom interacting with graphene

Precision measurements of the gradient of the Casimir force between ultraclean metallic surfaces at larger separations

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