Analytical and pharmacological investigation of Ocotea bullata (black stinkwood) bark and leaves

Zschocke, S.; Drewes, Siegfried E.; Paulus, K.; Bauer, Rudolf; Staden, J. Van

doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(00)00159-8

Cited by 41 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Some prenylated flavonoids, such as artonin E, are the most effective inhibitors of porcine leukocyte 5-LOX 30. An anti-inflammatory neolignan sibyllenone from Ocotea bullata (black stinkwood) was also active against 5-LOX 31. Baicalein was reported to selectively inhibit platelet 5-LOX 32.…”

Section: Arachidonic Acid Dependent Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Targets of Dietary Polyphenols with Anti-inflammatory Properties

2005

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There is persuasive epidemiological and experimental evidence that dietary polyphenols have anti-inflammatory activity. Aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have long been used to combat inflammation. Recently, cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors have been developed and recommended for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). However, two COX inhibitors have been withdrawn from the market due to unexpected side effects. Because conventional therapeutic and surgical approaches have not been able to fully control the incidence and outcome of many inflammatory diseases, there is an urgent need to find safer compounds and to develop mechanism-based approaches for the management of these diseases. Polyphenols are found in many dietary plant products, including fruits, vegetables, beverages, herbs, and spices. Several of these compounds have been found to inhibit the inflammation process as well as tumorigenesis in experimental animals; they can also exhibit potent biological properties. In addition, epidemiological studies have indicated that populations who consume foods rich in specific polyphenols have lower incidences of inflammatory disease. This paper provides an overview of the research approaches that can be used to unravel the biology and health effects of polyphenols. Polyphenols have diverse biological effects, however, this review will focus on some of the pivotal molecular targets that directly affect the inflammation process.

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Section: Arachidonic Acid Dependent Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Targets of Dietary Polyphenols with Anti-inflammatory Properties

2005

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“…This indicated that there are many compounds with activity, and that activity was not due to a single active compound. A volatile fraction, consisting mainly of sesquiterpenes, obtained from n-hexane extracts of both leaves and bark showed better inhibitory activity against COX-1 and especially against 5-lipoxygenase than the original crude hexane extracts (Zschocke et al, 2000a). The volatile nature of some of the active compounds Light et al (2002a) matches the traditional way of administration by inhaling smoke from burning plant material.…”

Section: Screening Of South African Plants For Cox-1 Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity of South African plants used against inflammation

Jäger

Staden

2005

Phytochem Rev

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During the years 1994-2001 we screened around 200 plant species for cyclooxygenase inhibiting activity. The plants were mostly selected based on usage in traditional medicine for inflammation and pains. Species from 32 genera exhibited high activity against COX-1. From Eucomis autumnalis two compounds, eucomin with COX-1 selectivity and eucosterol with COX-2 selectivity were isolated, a possible reason why this plant is so popular is traditional medicine. Attempts at isolating the compounds responsible for COX inhibition in Ocotea bullata and Siphonochilus aethiopicus revealed that there wasn't a single active compound present, instead many compounds contributed to the activity. Plants with multiple active components are probably better suited as phytomedicines rather than as sources for pure compound drugs.

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“…Inflammation is a complex process involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases such as AD, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and ulcerative colitis (Howes and Houghton, ; Polya, ). It involves the release of highly active pro‐inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, histamine, cytokines and free radicals (Zschocke et al ., ). The release of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid (hydrolytically released from membrane phospholipids) is catalysed by the action of the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme (also known as prostaglandin‐H 2 ‐synthase, PGH 2 synthase) (Steinmeyer, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition, Antioxidant, Antiinflammatory, Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Properties of Huernia hystrix

Amoo

Finnie

Staden

2011

Phytotherapy Research

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Huernia species are typical famine-food plants consumed in southern Ethiopia. H. hystrix is a heavily exploited ethnomedicinal succulent plant traded in traditional medicine systems especially on South Africa's eastern seaboard. This study investigated the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, antioxidant, antiinflammatory and antimicrobial properties of extracts obtained from the stems and roots of this plant. At the same concentration level (625.0, 312.5 or 156.3 µg/mL), the whole plant extract showed higher AChE inhibitory activity when compared with the stem and root extracts; a finding suggesting the presence of AChE inhibitors acting additively or synergistically in the whole plant extract. The roots showed strong antioxidant activity (in DPPH and β-carotene assays) comparable to that of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), indicating the presence of potent antioxidant compound(s) that can be exploited as alternatives for use in the food and cosmetic industries and/or as nutraceuticals. All the petroleum ether (PE) (except root PE) and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts demonstrated good inhibitory activity (> 70%) in cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) assays at a 0.25 µg/μL concentration. Most of the extracts showed broad-spectrum inhibitory and lethal activities against the microorganisms used in this study. The observed biological activities might be due to the iridoid, phenolic and flavonoid contents of the plants.

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Analytical and pharmacological investigation of Ocotea bullata (black stinkwood) bark and leaves

Cited by 41 publications

References 9 publications

Molecular Targets of Dietary Polyphenols with Anti-inflammatory Properties

Molecular Targets of Dietary Polyphenols with Anti-inflammatory Properties

Cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity of South African plants used against inflammation

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition, Antioxidant, Antiinflammatory, Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Properties of Huernia hystrix

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