“…The first attempt to study viscous flow inside a permeable pipe of contracting cross area was made by Uchida and Aoki (1977) and the problems associated with it were illuminated by Bujurke et al (1998), both numerically and analytically. Goto and Uchida (1990) presented a theoretical framework of unsteady incompressible laminar flows in a pipe where suction or injection took place at the walls of the pipe, with the radius of the pipe being variant with respect to time and many researchers subsequently investigated the fluid flow behavior between expanding or contracting walls analytically as well as numerically under various fluid flow conditions (Majdalani and Zhou, 2003;Si et al, 2010;Jafaryar et al, 2014;Rahimi et al, 2015). On the other hand, the most promising implications of nanofluids is the enhancement of heat transfer in modern engineering systems (Shi et al, 2011;Bég et al, 2013;Kleinstreuer et al, 2008).…”