Analytical artifacts, sample handling and preservation methods of environmental samples of synthetic pyrethroids

Distribution, Metabolism and Toxic Effects of Beta-Cypermethrin in Lizards ( Eremias argus ) Following Oral Administration

“…1) that DCVA (cis/trans-3-(2, 2-dichloroethenyl)-2, 2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid) and PBA (3-phenoxybenzoic acid) were eliminated through feces and urine [14][15][16]. PYRs residues and their major degradation product 3-phenoxybenzoic acid had been frequently detected in soils, sediments, natural waters and agricultural products [17,18]. The widespread occurrence of BCYP and its degradation products could represent a threat for reptile species.…”

Characterization of cell-free extracts from fenpropathrin-degrading strain Bacillus cereus ZH-3 and its potential for bioremediation of pyrethroid-contaminated soils

“…Finally, the residues were hardly detected with degradation rates of 95.82% and 91.96% in 30 d, respectively. Compared to the natural dissipation of fenpropathrin which takes 55 d to disappear, enzyme extracts remarkably accelerated the elimination of fenpropathrin residues (Albaseer et al, 2011). Taken together, the cell-free extracts from strain HZ-3 demonstrated significant advantages in the biodegradation of fenpropathrin in soils, which provided a useful method for effective bioremediation of pyrethroidcontaminated environment.…”

Impact of Pesticides on Environmental and Human Health

“…Compared with pyrethrins, pyrethroids are more stable under light [108], which incurs increased environmental risks associated with their use [5]. Pyrethrins and Pyrethroids display high selectivity and easy degradability in the environment as compared with other pesticides, been a favored replacement for organophosphorus compounds [110].…”