Analytical assessment of carbon allotropes for gas sensor applications

Akbari, Elnaz; Afroozeh, Abdolkarim; Tan, Michael Loong Peng; Arora, Vijay K.; Ghadiry, Mahdiar

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2016.02.046

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Moreover, the DOS results demonstrated a significant increase of the density at Fermi level and the appearance of some new peaks. The significant increase in the density of states is related to the improvement of the ZGNR system conductivity upon gas adsorption, which is in good agreement with the reported data that relate the change of adsorbent's conductivity after adsorption of gas molecules [57][58][59].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Enhancing the Sensing Performance of Zigzag Graphene Nanoribbon to Detect NO, NO2, and NH3 Gases

Salih

Ayesh

2020

Sensors

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In this article, a zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR)-based sensor was built utilizing the Atomistic ToolKit Virtual NanoLab (ATK-VNL), and used to detect nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ammonia (NH3). The successful adsorption of these gases on the surface of the ZGNR was investigated using adsorption energy (Eads), adsorption distance (D), charge transfer (∆Q), density of states (DOS), and band structure. Among the three gases, the ZGNR showed the highest adsorption energy for NO with −0.273 eV, the smallest adsorption distance with 2.88 Å, and the highest charge transfer with −0.104 e. Moreover, the DOS results reflected a significant increase of the density at the Fermi level due to the improvement of ZGNR conductivity as a result of gas adsorption. The surface of ZGNR was then modified with an epoxy group (-O-) once, then with a hydroxyl group (-OH), and finally with both (-O-) and (-OH) groups in order to improve the adsorption capacity of ZGNR. The adsorption parameters of ZGNR were improved significantly after the modification. The highest adsorption energy was found for the case of ZGNR-O-OH-NO2 with −0.953 eV, while the highest charge transfer was found for the case of ZGNR-OH-NO with −0.146 e. Consequently, ZGNR-OH and ZGNR-O-OH can be considered as promising gas sensors for NO and NO2, respectively.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Enhancing the Sensing Performance of Zigzag Graphene Nanoribbon to Detect NO, NO2, and NH3 Gases

Salih

Ayesh

2020

Sensors

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“…The importance of environmental monitoring and protecting the human body from hazardous and toxic gases is a major motivation of the researchers to study and develop state of the art sensors with high sensitivity and ideal performance [1][2][3]. Gas sensors are used in various areas such as industrial, medical and household applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, based on the chiral angle and diameter, single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) can be made to exhibit metallic or semiconducting properties being whether zigzag or armchair nanotubes [8][9][10][11]. These properties are determined by the geometrical parameter called chiral vector 1 2 h C na ma   , where 1 a and 2 a are base vectors of the unit cell, and n and m are integers [12]. In the chiral vector, when the unit vectors n and m are equal, the CNT is an armchair type with metallic properties, and when m is zero the CNT is a zigzag nanotube that can be either metallic or semiconducting; else, it would be a chiral CNT [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analytical Conductance Model for Gas Detection Based on a Zigzag Carbon Nanotube Sensor

Hosseingholipourasl

Ariffin

Ahmadi

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Recent advances in nanotechnology have revealed the superiority of nanocarbon species such as carbon nanotubes over other conventional materials for gas sensing applications. In this work, analytical modeling of the semiconducting zigzag carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (ZCNT-FET) based sensor for the detection of gas molecules is demonstrated. We propose new analytical models to strongly simulate and investigate the physical and electrical behavior of the ZCNT sensor in the presence of various gas molecules (CO2, H2O, and CH4). Therefore, we start with the modeling of the energy band structure by acquiring the new energy dispersion relation for the ZCNT and introducing the gas adsorption effects to the band structure model. Then, the electrical conductance of the ZCNT is modeled and formulated while the gas adsorption effect is considered in the conductance model. The band structure analysis indicates that, the semiconducting ZCNT experiences band gap variation after the adsorption of the gases. Furthermore, the bandgap variation influences the conductance of the ZCNT and the results exhibit increments of the ZCNT conductance in the presence of target gases while the minimum conductance shifted upward around the neutrality point. Besides, the I-V characteristics of the sensor are extracted from the conductance model and its variations after adsorption of different gas molecules are monitored and investigated. To verify the accuracy of the proposed models, the conductance model is compared with previous experimental and modeling data and a good consensus is observed. It can be concluded that the proposed analytical models can successfully be applied to predict sensor behavior against different gas molecules.

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“…In recent years, carbon nanomaterials have been eminent scientific due to their ease of fabrication, their distinct properties such as large specific surface area, high chemical stability, and excellent electrical properties . Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have received substantial attention as an active element of gas sensing because the electron transfer through CNT is highly sensitive to the gas molecules, as the adsorption of gas molecules leads to changes in its electrical conductivity induced by charge transfer between the adsorbed gas molecules and the nanotubes . The electrical conductance of CNTs sensitively changes at room temperature on exposure to several gases .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensing and adsorption study of gaseous phase chlorophenols on functionalized carbon nanotube membrane

Kanchanatip

Tulaphol

Den

et al. 2018

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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The adsorption equilibrium isotherms as well as gas sensing of three chlorinated phenolic compounds (CPCs) including phenol, 2‐chlorophenol, and 2,4‐dichlorophenol by acid‐functionalized carbon nanotube (CNT) membrane were studied. CNTs were synthesized via floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition method at 800°C and then functionalized with a mixture of HNO3 and H2SO4. The functionalized CNTs were vacuum filtered to form CNT membranes. The adsorption isotherm followed the Langmuir adsorption model better than the Freundlich model, suggesting monolayer adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacities were found to be 61.35, 93.46, and 104.17 mg g−1 for phenol, 2‐chlorophenol, and 2,4‐dichlorophenol, respectively. The desorption energy determined via thermogravimetric analysis indicates that adsorption of all three CPCs onto the CNT membranes belonged to chemisorption type. For the gas sensing test, the CNT membrane showed fast response to the tested CPCs with good stability and repeatability. The sensitivity values obtained were 5.39 × 10−2, 3.35 × 10−2 and 2.58 × 10−2 for 2,4‐dichlorophenol, 2‐chlorophenol, and phenol, respectively. It is noteworthy that the adsorption capacity and sensitivity of the CNT membrane to the target gases increased with the increase in the number of chlorine atoms in the phenolic compounds. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38: S315–S322, 2019

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Analytical assessment of carbon allotropes for gas sensor applications

Cited by 14 publications

References 56 publications

Enhancing the Sensing Performance of Zigzag Graphene Nanoribbon to Detect NO, NO2, and NH3 Gases

Enhancing the Sensing Performance of Zigzag Graphene Nanoribbon to Detect NO, NO2, and NH3 Gases

An Analytical Conductance Model for Gas Detection Based on a Zigzag Carbon Nanotube Sensor

Sensing and adsorption study of gaseous phase chlorophenols on functionalized carbon nanotube membrane

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