Analytical Capabilities of the Community Bureau of Reference Protocol to Estimate the Mobility of Nutrients and Toxic Elements from Mineral Fertilizer

Abstract

The sequential extraction procedure of the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) was applied to investigate the mobility of potentially toxic elements (As, Cd, Cr, and Pb) and nutrients (P, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) in a multinutrient mineral fertilizer based on phosphate rocks supplemented with 10% (w w) micronutrient mixture (raw material used as a micronutrient source). For both samples, As and Cd were more mobile, whereas Cr remained in the solid residue. A higher mobility of Pb was observed in the micronutrient mixture; however, the high concentration of P (8.3% w w) in the fertilizer could have decreased Pb mobility as a result of Pb(PO) formation. The nutrients had great mobility, except Fe, which remained almost totally in the residual fraction in both samples. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy analyses of solid residues showed that the ways in which elements were distributed in the sample particles could affect their mobility.

Adaptation of the BCR sequential extraction procedure for fractionation of potentially toxic elements in airborne particulate matter collected during routine air quality monitoring

“…The BCR sequential extraction is now widely used (featuring in almost 70 publications each year over the past decade according to Web of Science). It has been applied to numerous types of samples beyond the initial scope of soil and sediment, including coal [5], fertilisers [6], fly ash [7], municipal solid waste [8], and even medicinal plants [9] and herbal teas [10]. Ironically, the very popularity of the approach has to an extent obviated its creators' vision of a strictly prescribed protocol that would produce comparable results between laboratories!…”

Avaliação de elementos terras raras em ecossistema aquático da represa de Guarapiranga, São Paulo

“…Atividades antrópicas como mineração, agricultura, rejeitos industriais e mesmo a produção de rejeitos domésticos tem contribuído para a elevação dos níveis de contaminantes em todo mundo (FU et al, 2016;LI et al, 2016;LU e TIAN, 2017;FIOROTO et al, 2018). Entre esses contaminantes estão os metais e metaloides, quais podem causar sérios danos para o ambiente e consequentemente, para os seres vivos de modo geral (GONG et al, 2018).…”