Analytical chemistry of synthetic food antioxidants. A review

Abstract

of Contents introduction Recovery procedures for antioxidants Qua ntif icat ion of ant ioxida n ts Colorimetric methods Spectrophotometric methods in the ultraviolet region Paper and thin-layer chromatographic methods Gas chromatographic methods Methods based on high-performance liquid chromatography Miscellaneous techniques

Quantitative determination of butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, and tert‐butyl hydroquinone in oils, foods, and biological fluids by high‐performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection

“…Although the use of antioxidant is not allowed in meat products, sausage B contained a detectable amount of BHA. This observation is supposedly due to the facts that the sausage was imported and/or that the antioxidant may migrate from wrapping materials into the sausage (11,26).…”

“…Recently, reversed-phase HPLC with direct injection and ultraviolet (UV) detection have been applied to phenolic antioxidants, tocopherols, and triglycerides in oils (25). However, possible interferences from other antioxidants and/or naturally occurring phenolic compounds were reported with the use of some UV procedures, such as spectrophotometry in antioxidant detection (26). Direct injection and fluorimetric detection improved the analysis of TBHQ in oils (19).…”

“…Many methods including colorimetry (5), spectrophotometry (6), fluorimetry (7,8), voltammetry (9), chromatography [paper (10), thin-layer chromatography (11,12), gas-liquid chromatography (13)(14)(15)(16), or high-performance liquid chromatography (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)] have been used for qualitative and quantitative determination of antioxidants including butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) added to fats, oils, and foods. Almost every procedure requires considerable sample preparation such as saponification, extraction, and liquid-liquid separation prior to estimation of individual antioxidants (2,26). Recently, reversed-phase HPLC with direct injection and ultraviolet (UV) detection have been applied to phenolic antioxidants, tocopherols, and triglycerides in oils (25).…”

Electroanalytical study of the antioxidant tert‐butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) in an oil‐in‐water emulsified medium

“…Several analytical methods for phenolic antioxidants, including TBHQ, have been reviewed [3]. Most of them are based on gas chromatography (GC) or high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques, but few electroanalytical methods have been described.…”

Determination of tert-Butylhydroxytoluene by Flow Injection Analysis at Polymer Modified Glassy Carbon Electrodes

“…There are several substances with antioxidant activity [3][4][5][6] and one of the most widely used is BHT. Different methods have been described for the determination of BHT, they include the one proposed by the AOAC Official Methods of Analysis with a previous acetonitrile extraction step followed by high-performance liquid chromatography separation with UV detection at 280 nm [7], gas chromatography [3] or the ASTM Standard Test Method [8], but only a few report on the electrochemical detection due principally to the high oxidation potential [9]. In order to solve this problem other methods using an electron redox-mediator [10] or modified electrodes with poly(3-methyltiophene) [11] has been proposed.…”