Analytical considerations of flow/thermal coupling of nanofluids in foam metals with local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) phenomena and inhomogeneous nanoparticle distribution

Xu, Huijin; Xing, Zhanbin; Vafai, Kambiz

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2019.04.009

Cited by 66 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Nanofluid technology is a well-established method for heat transfer enhancement in convective heat transfer cooling applications 1 . Heat transfer in nanofluids for natural 2,3 , forced 4,5 and mixed convection 6–8 phenomena have been studied in detail to understand the effect of flow and heat transfer parameters such as Re, Ri, Grashof number on heat transfer. Doping of nanoparticles in the base fluid essentially modifies the thermo-physical properties of the fluid which influence the flow pattern and heat transport mechanism in a given geometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of double diffusive mixed convection in a BFS channel filled with Alumina nanoparticle using Taguchi method and utility concept

Nath

Murugesan

2019

Sci Rep

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This research work focuses on the implementation of Taguchi method and utility concept for optimization of flow, geometrical and thermo-physical parameters for mixed convective heat and mass transfer in a backward facing step (BFS) channel filled with Alumina nanoparticle doped in water-ethylene glycol mixture. Mass, momentum, energy and solutal conservation equations for the flow field are cast in velocity-vorticity form of Navier-Stokes equations, which are solved using Galerkin’s weighted residual finite element method through isoparametric formulation. The following six parameters, expansion ratio of the BFS channel (H/h), Reynolds number (Re), buoyancy ratio (N), nanoparticle volume fraction (χ), shape of nanoparticles and thermal Grashof number (GrT) at three levels are considered as controlling parameters for optimization using Taguchi method. An L27 orthogonal array has been chosen to get the levels of the six parameters for the 27 trial runs. Simulation results were obtained for 27 trial runs from which three different sets of optimum levels of the control parameters were obtained for maximum Nu and Sh and minimum wall shear stress during double diffusive mixed convection in the channel. Then, in order to obtain a single set of optimum levels of the control parameters to achieve maximum heat and mass transfer and minimum wall shear stress concurrently, utility concept has been implemented. Taguchi results indicate that expansion ratio and volume fraction of nanoparticles are the significant contributing parameters to achieve maximum heat and mass transfer and minimum wall shear stress. Utility concept predicts the average Nusselt number less by 2% and Sherwood number less by 3% compared to the Taguchi method with equal weightage of 40% assumed for Nusselt and Sherwood numbers and 20% for wall shear stress.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of double diffusive mixed convection in a BFS channel filled with Alumina nanoparticle using Taguchi method and utility concept

Nath

Murugesan

2019

Sci Rep

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“…Much research work has been devoted to improve the heat transfer performance of paraffin by utilizing nanoparticles. Xu et al theoretically investigated the convective thermal characteristics of nanofluids in porous foams and demonstrated that the Nusselt number first increased and then decreased as nanoparticle concentration increased. Martín et al notified that thermal conductivity of PCM was enhanced by adding the silicon dioxide nanoparticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal thermal performance analysis of glazed window filled with paraffin including various nanoparticles

et al. 2020

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Summary A two‐dimensional heat transfer model was proposed to numerically investigate the effect of enriching phase change material (PCM) with different kinds of nanoparticles on thermal performance of glazing windows in different seasons of the year. The results were presented in terms of liquid fraction of PCM, inner surface temperature and temperature difference between interior and exterior surfaces of glass window, and their occurrence times. The results showed that adding nanoparticles into PCM can promote the melting and solidification processes, extend the total time of PCM being in the liquid state, and raise the internal surface temperature of glass. However, in summer season, the internal surface temperature decreases and the total melting time respectively reduces by 7 and 1.5 minutes by introducing TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles into PCM. Furthermore, the introduced nanoparticles do not have the same effect on the thermal performance of the window unit. While the inner surface temperature decreases by 0.82 K in summer by addition of TiO2 to PCM, it increases by 0.84 K in transition season and 0.89 K in winter season by utilizing ZnO nanoparticles. Although the nano‐PCM remains in the solid state in winter, the existence of nanoparticles can still increase the inner surface temperature.

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“…It is to use nanofluids as the coolant, which is a mixture of nanoparticles and a base fluid. Some previous studies can be found on the analysis of nanofluid flow through a porous medium . Xu et al numerically investigated force convective heat transfer of nanofluid flow through a duct filled with metal‐foam and obtained the velocity and temperature fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their results indicated that the average Nusselt number increases by Rayleigh and Darcy numbers. Xu et al theoretically studied the convective thermal characteristics of nanofluids in porous foams. They obtained the velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration distributions and analyzed the effects of different parameters on the flow and heat transfer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical thermal analysis of nanofluid flow through the cooling channels of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell filled with metal foam

2020

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Improvement in the cooling system performance by making the temperature distribution uniform is an essential part in design of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. In this paper, we proposed to use water-CuO nanofluid as the coolant fluid and to fill the flow field in the cooling plates of the fuel cell stack by metal foam. We numerically investigated the effect of using nanofluid at different porosities, pore sizes, and thicknesses of metal foam, on the thermal performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. The accuracy of present computations is increased by applying a three-dimensional modeling based on finite-volume method, a variable thermal heat flux as the thermal boundary condition, and a two-phase approach to obtain the distribution of nanoparticles volume fraction. The obtained results indicated that at low Reynolds numbers, the role of nanoparticles in improvement of temperature uniformity is more dominant. Moreover, metal foam can reduce the maximum temperature for about 16.5 K and make the temperature distribution uniform in the cooling channel, whereas increase in the pressure drop is not considerable. K E Y W O R D Scooling system, metal foam, nanofluid, polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, pore size, porosity

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Analytical considerations of flow/thermal coupling of nanofluids in foam metals with local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) phenomena and inhomogeneous nanoparticle distribution

Cited by 66 publications

References 50 publications

Optimization of double diffusive mixed convection in a BFS channel filled with Alumina nanoparticle using Taguchi method and utility concept

Optimization of double diffusive mixed convection in a BFS channel filled with Alumina nanoparticle using Taguchi method and utility concept

Seasonal thermal performance analysis of glazed window filled with paraffin including various nanoparticles

Numerical thermal analysis of nanofluid flow through the cooling channels of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell filled with metal foam

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