Analytical, experimental, and numerical analysis of a microchannel cooling system for high-concentration photovoltaic cells

Abstract

In this work, we present the results of an analytical, numerical, and experimental analysis on the performance of a heat sink system designed as a parallel arrangement of microchannels for cooling a high-concentration photovoltaic (HCPV) cell. The analysis considered the worst-case scenario where no electricity is generated, and the solar incidence is maximum on the northwest region of the São Paulo State in Brazil. For the experimental, analytical, and numerical analysis, the considered HCPV cell has a geometrical concentration ratio of 500×, a maximum efficiency of 40% at cell's operating temperature of 41.0 °C, and a cell base area of 100 mm 2. The numerical analysis adopts the finite volume method implemented in ANSYS Fluent v15 to solve flow and energy equations with second-order upwind schemes, and the steady-state, incompressible, and laminar flow. In the experimental apparatus, the copper microchannel heat sink consists of 33 parallel rectangular channels of 10 mm in length, 200 μm in width, and 500 μm in height for each microchannel. A cartridge heater was used to simulate the on-sun test, i.e., it simulates the total heat rate supplied to the microchannel heat sink. The microchannel heat sink is capable of keeping the operating temperature of the cell below the maximum cell's operating temperature (41.0 °C). In addition, the pressure drops are slightly higher than the predicted models, but not exceeding 34%. Moreover, the energy spent in the pumping in the microchannel represents < 1% of the energy generated by the photovoltaic cell.

Energy and economic comparison of three optical systems adopted in a point-focus CPV system

“…On the other hand, the increase in the sunlight concentration leads to an increase in the cell temperature. However, exploiting the thermal energy recovery from the solar cells by means of an active cooling system [8], it is possible to obtain an increase in electrical efficiency producing simultaneously electric and thermal energy [9]. Hence, CPV and CPV/T systems allow good results at competitive costs for generation of clean energy [10], but a careful selection of the optical system typology and of its concentration factor is fundamental to obtain energy and economic advantages [11].…”

Design and optimization study of a densely packed ultrahigh concentration photovoltaic thermal array for desalination usability

“…Ortegon1et al 24 conducted experimental and mathematical studies on the cooling efficiency of 33 parallel configurations of copper microchannels for an HCPV. The MJSC has a base area of 10 × 10 mm 2 and a CR of ×500.…”

An experimental investigation on the effects of dust accumulation on a photovoltaic panel efficiency utilized near agricultural land

“…Some parameters such as the temperature of operation, radiation intensity, humidity content, shade, and dust could have effect on the photovoltaic system efficiency [6]. Increasing temperature would reduce efficiency and decrease the life span of the panel [7]. Therefore, temperature is one of the issues often considered as a notable parameter for researchers, and many solutions have been proposed to overcome this problem [8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”