Analytical Methods for the Determination of Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids (FAHFAs) in Biological Samples, Plants and Foods

Kokotou, Maroula G.

doi:10.3390/biom10081092

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Although more studies are needed, our data suggest that consuming leaves may be nutritionally beneficial for bone health. Even if the scenario linking fatty acids to bone health is complex and the debate remains controversial, undoubtedly important roles of fatty acids in the metabolism of bone tissue have long been studied and different potential action mechanisms have been investigated [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. For example, there is large body of evidence that enriching diets with specific long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are associated with higher bone mass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pro-Osteogenic Properties of Violina pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) Leaf Extracts: Data from In Vitro Human Primary Cell Cultures

et al. 2021

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Traditional medicines rely mainly on use of plant extracts to mitigate or treat a wide range of disorders, including those that affect skeletal homeostasis. In this study, we investigated for the first time the potential pro-osteogenic effects of hexane, acetone and methanol extracts of the leaves of Cucurbita moschata, a very popular pumpkin cultivar in Western countries. We found that in Cucurbita moschata leaves, there are acetone-extractable substances—in particular, fatty acids such as 13-OH-9Z,11E,15E-octadecatrienoic acid (PU-13OH-FA), which is capable of both stimulating the function of human primary osteoblasts, which are responsible for bone formation, and inhibiting the differentiation of human osteoclasts, which are responsible for bone resorption. This dual effect was monitored by analyzing Runx2 expression, deposition of mineralized matrix, ALP activity, TRAP and actin ring staining respectively. This study suggests that bioactive chemicals from Cucurbita moschata leaves are potentially suitable as therapeutics for managing metabolic bone disorders such as osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis, and promoting tissue healing and functional recovery after bone fractures. The data we obtained increase knowledge on the biological activities of Cucurbita moschata, and in particular underline the potential benefits of consuming leaves which are a part of the plant currently little considered in the Western world.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pro-Osteogenic Properties of Violina pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) Leaf Extracts: Data from In Vitro Human Primary Cell Cultures

et al. 2021

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“…The internal branched FAHFAs are a diverse lipid class of at least 51 FAHFA families and 301 regioisomers [ 3 ]. Hence, high-resolution chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry is essential to assess the potential roles of different families in physiology [ 3 , 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Fahfa Lipid Familiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MS 2 characterization of branched-chain FAHFAs ( Table 1 and Table 2 ) provides the structural information regarding the fatty acid and hydroxy fatty acid substituents but does not define the position of the hydroxy group in the hydroxy fatty acid chain [ 1 ]. Hence, high-resolution chromatography, prior to mass spectrometric analysis, is required to quantitate the individual isobars [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Fahfa Lipid Familiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatty Acyl Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acid (FAHFA) Lipid Families

Wood

2020

Metabolites

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Fatty Acyl esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids (FAHFA) encompass three different lipid families which have incorrectly been classified as wax esters. These families include (i) Branched-chain FAHFAs, involved in the regulation of glucose metabolism and inflammation, with acylation of an internal branched-chain hydroxy-palmitic or -stearic acid; (ii) ω-FAHFAs, which function as biosurfactants in a number of biofluids, are formed via acylation of the ω-hydroxyl group of very-long-chain fatty acids (these lipids have also been designated as o-acyl hydroxy fatty acids; OAHFA); and (iii) Ornithine-FAHFAs are bacterial lipids formed by the acylation of short-chain 3-hydroxy fatty acids and the addition of ornithine to the free carboxy group of the hydroxy fatty acid. The differences in biosynthetic pathways and cellular functions of these lipid families will be reviewed and compared to wax esters, which are formed by the acylation of a fatty alcohol, not a hydroxy fatty acid. In summary, FAHFA lipid families are both unique and complex in their biosynthesis and their biological actions. We have only evaluated the tip of the iceberg and much more exciting research is required to understand these lipids in health and disease.

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“…A tremendous effort has been devoted to the development of analytical methods for the detection and quantitation of FAHFAs during the last five years [38]. Numerous FAHFA families have been detected in food of plant origin (fruits, vegetables and cereals) [39,40] and of animal origin (egg, chicken, beef, caribou, moose) [2,41].…”

Section: Distribution Of Fahfas In Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential physio-pathological effects of branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids

Benlebna¹,

Balas

Gaillet³

et al. 2021

Biochimie

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Branched Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids (FAHFAs) are a new endogenous lipid class with recently uncovered interesting biological effects and which have been detected in food of plant and animal origins. Some FAHFAs can improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, stimulate insulin secretion, and exert anti-inflammatory effects. Other beneficial health effects have also been suggested, in particular against some cancers. FAHFAs could therefore be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of numerous metabolic disorders such as type II diabetes, hepatic steatosis, cardiovascular diseases and various cancers. Their recent discovery has generated a great interest in the field of human health. This short review aims at bringing together the information available to date in the literature concerning their chemical synthesis, biosynthesis and degradation pathways as well as their potential physio-pathological beneficial effects. Contents

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Analytical Methods for the Determination of Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids (FAHFAs) in Biological Samples, Plants and Foods

Cited by 16 publications

References 38 publications

Pro-Osteogenic Properties of Violina pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) Leaf Extracts: Data from In Vitro Human Primary Cell Cultures

Pro-Osteogenic Properties of Violina pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) Leaf Extracts: Data from In Vitro Human Primary Cell Cultures

Fatty Acyl Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acid (FAHFA) Lipid Families

Potential physio-pathological effects of branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids

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