Analytical model for textile reinforced mortar under monotonic loading

Filippou, Christiana A.; Chrysostomou, Christis Ζ.

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120178

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…The TRM may be modeled also with planestress element following a macro-modeling approach and simple material models. 37 The results of the free vibration test as presented in Table 2 may be used for the correct implementation of the FE numerical models' characteristics. More details regarding the development of a FE numerical model of masonry-infilled RC frames with and without TRM may be found in Filippou et al [38][39][40][41]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic and energy upgrading of existing buildings—full‐scale testing of retrofitted masonry‐infilled RC frames

Christis Z,

Renos,

Nicholas

et al. 2023

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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Taking into consideration the seismic vulnerability and the poor energy performance of the European building stock, and the increasing socio‐economic and environmental need for integrating seismic upgrading with energy efficiency improvement, an experimental study involving the lateral load testing of full‐scale one‐story one‐bay masonry infilled RC frames and load‐bearing masonry walls was carried out in the framework of the SupERB research project aiming to investigate the efficiency of integrated seismic and energy upgrading systems. The integrated approach is based on the use of textile reinforced mortar (TRM) overlays combined either with traditional thermal insulation (extruded polystyrene, XPS) or with thermally efficient mortar incorporating phase change material (PCMs). The proposed integrated approach can be applied on the exterior face of the structure, so as to facilitate its application in real structures in the easiest possible way and with minimum disturbance to the inhabitants of the buildings. In this paper, only the structural performance of masonry‐infilled RC frames retrofitted with the proposed integrated approach is presented, while the energy benefits will be presented in a separate paper. Thus, in this paper, the structural performance of an integrated seismic and energy upgrading approach was assessed through five full‐scale one‐story one‐bay masonry infilled RC frames that were retrofitted with different schemes of TRM combined with thermal insulation materials subjected to in‐plane displacement‐controlled cyclic loading. The following parameters were investigated experimentally: the number of TRM overlays (one or two layers of TRM combined with thermal insulation), the use of thermally efficient PCM‐enhanced TRM layer in contrast to the use of conventional XPS insulation, and different retrofitting configurations (placement of the TRM in a sandwich form over and/or under the novel or the traditional insulation). From the results obtained in this study, it can be concluded that all energy and seismic upgrading systems examined have a positive impact on the response of the structural system to cyclic loading, with the ones with two layers of TRM having a better performance compared to the ones with one layer of TRM and all of them a better performance than the control specimen. The use of two layers of TRM cancels the drawback of infilled frames, which at very small drifts they reach their maximum capacity and after that they rapidly fall to the capacity of the bare frame, providing capacities above 80% of their peak capacity for drifts up to 2%. In all the tests the TRM whether it was combined with XPS or included PCMs contributed to a better distribution of the cracks in the infill and delayed premature brittle failures. The presence of the TRM had also the advantage that it remained intact throughout the tests preventing the fall of debris out of the plane of the infilled frame, both in the retrofitted and unretrofitted sides.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic and energy upgrading of existing buildings—full‐scale testing of retrofitted masonry‐infilled RC frames

Christis Z,

Renos,

Nicholas

et al. 2023

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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“…Also, the Fiber Reinforced concrete model combined with the fib 2010 model are used as a tension and compression softening function, respectively, for the Total Strain Crack model in order to represent the non‐linear behavior of the TRM composite material. The required parameters of this model, as given in Table 3, are obtained from the coupon tests conducted by Koutas et al., 49 and using the analytical model of TRM proposed by Filippou and Chrysostomou 71 . Furthermore, the Coulomb Friction model is adopted for the infill‐frame interface elements in order to capture the gap‐opening and the sliding between the masonry infill wall and the RC frame.…”

Section: Development and Validation Of The Numerical Model Of Masonry...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A numerical sensitivity analysis is performed on the validated three‐story masonry‐infilled RC frame model with TRM, as presented in Section 3, aiming to examine the parameters that can influence the response of masonry‐infilled RC frames retrofitted with TRM under cyclic loading such as: the TRM reinforcement ratio and the type of mortar used for binding the textile reinforcement. The same modeling scheme was used for the numerical specimens as for the validated numerical model (Section 3), while the analytical model of TRM proposed by Filippou and Chrysostomou 71 is used in order to facilitate the implementation of the numerical specimens for this parametric study.…”

Section: Numerical Sensitivity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The required parameters of these 49 and using the analytical model of TRM proposed by Filippou and Chrysostomou. 71 Furthermore, the Coulomb Friction model is adopted for the infill-frame interface elements in order to capture the gap-opening and the sliding between the masonry infill wall and the RC frame. It is important to mention that most of the required parameters to define the selected material models in DIANA FEA are taken from the experimental case-study selected for calibration purposes (Section 2), while other parameters were taken from the literature, and at the same time by fitting the numerical results to the experimental ones (especially the parameters for the masonry infill wall model and for the interface model).…”

Section: Development and Validation Of The Numerical Model Of Masonry...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be attributed to the fact that during the first cycles of loading, where the influence of the compressive strength of the TRM mortar on the lateral capacity of the retrofitted infilled frame is more pronounced compared to its tensile strength, as explained in the next paragraph, the substantial increase of the compressive strength of the mortar does not enhance the compression strut of the infill wall significantly due to the relatively small thickness of the mortar. During the last cycles of loading, where the contribution of the tensile capacity of the TRM to increase the lateral capacity of the retrofitted infilled frame becomes more pronounced than its compressive capacity, as discussed in the next paragraph, the substantial increase of the tensile strength of the mortar does not enhance the lateral capacity of the retrofitted infilled frame significantly due to the fact that at large deformations mainly the textile reinforcement contributes to the lateral capacity of the retrofitted infilled frame (Filippou and Chrysostomou 71 ).…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical study of the seismic retrofitting of masonry‐Infilled RC frames with openings using TRM

Filippou

Kyriakides

Chrysostomou

2023

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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The seismic retrofitting of existing masonry-infilled reinforced-concrete (RC) frame buildings is one major challenge of earthquake risk mitigation. In this paper, the use of promising novel alternative composite material, namely textile reinforced mortar (TRM) for seismic retrofitting masonry-infilled RC frames with central openings is examined numerically, to the best knowledge of the authors, for the first time ever. This is achieved by performing a parametric study on a validated 2D numerical model of a three-story masonry-infilled RC frame with and without TRM considering different size of central openings. This parametric study aims to examine (i) the influence of central openings on the lateral response of masonry-infilled RC frames subjected to cyclic loading and (ii) the lateral response of the three-story masonry-infilled RC frame with central openings retrofitted with TRM under cyclic loading. From the results obtained in this study, it was concluded that TRM contributes to increase the lateral capacity, stiffness, and the dissipated energy of infilled frames with openings and at the same time provides a more ductile behavior by delaying the strength and the stiffness degradation of infilled frames due to openings and further by delaying or even preventing brittle failures that occur on infilled frames due to the presence of the opening. New stiffness reduction factors for infilled frames with openings, and for TRM-retrofitted infilled frames with openings are also proposed, which can be used with an equivalent compression strut model and with a tension tiemodel as an everyday practice tool for simulating infilled frames with central openings along the diagonal of the infill wall with and without TRM. A numerical sensitivity analysis is also performed aiming to investigate the influence of (i) the TRM reinforcement ratio and (ii) the type of mortar used for binding the textile reinforcement on the lateral response of the three-story masonry-infilled RC frame retrofitted with TRM subjected to cyclic loading. This study showed that by increasing the reinforcement ratio, or by using high-strength mortars for binding the textile reinforcement, the lateral capacity of infilled frames is increased leading to a more ductile behavior, but this increase is not proportional to the increase This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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