“…Various 2-D analytical models have been presented for different types of electrical machines such as rotary with inner rotor [18,22,23,25], [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] or outer rotor [21,24,41], planar [42] and axial machines [43], to obtain electromagnetic quantities such as electromagnetic torque or force, inductances, induced voltage and core losses [21,29,31,39]. In some papers, the presented 2-D analytical models are employed to optimally design an electric machine [23,32,35].…”