Analytical Study of Fuel Switching from Heavy Fuel Oil to Natural Gas in clay brick factories at Arab Abu Saed, Greater Cairo

Higazy, Mamdouh; Essa, Khaled S. M.; Mubarak, Fawzia; El-Sayed, El-Sayed M.; Sallam, Al-Aliaa M.; Talaat, M.S.

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-46587-w

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Gaining the advantage of economies of scale over smaller firms, large firms are also able to consume fewer units of energy to produce a unit of output (Machado et al, 2016;Oh and Lee, 2016;Park et al, 2016). Also, the energy sources in Kitakyushu city has been gradually shifted from coal and oil to natural gas and renewable energy since 1967, which leads to lower emissions of greenhouse gases and NO 2 (De Gouw et al, 2014;Higazy et al, 2019;OECD, 2013). With 66% of energy in Kitakyushu city is consumed by industrial activities and energy conversion is more affordable to larger industrial firms, the emissions of NO 2 and CO might be reduced as industrial firms grow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Environmental Kuznets Curves of Kitakyushu: 50-Year Time-Series Data of the OECD SDGs Pilot City

et al. 2019

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Can green growth policies help protect the environment while keeping the industry growing and infrastructure expanding? The City of Kitakyushu, Japan, has actively implemented eco-friendly policies since 1967 and recently inspired the pursuit of sustainable development around the world, especially in the Global South region. However, empirical studies on the effects of green growth policies are still lacking. This study explores the relationship between road infrastructure development and average industrial firm size with air pollution in the city through the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Non-linear Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) methods were applied on nearly 50-years' time series data, from 1967 to 2015. The results show that the shape of the EKC of industrial growth, measured by average firm size, depends on the type of air pollution: inverted N-shaped relationships with NO 2 and CO, and the U-shaped relationships with falling dust particle and O x. Regarding infrastructure development, on the one hand, our analysis shows a positive effect of road construction on alleviating the amount of falling dust and CO concentration. On the other hand, the emissions of NO 2 and O x are shown to rise when plotted against road construction. The 1 This is the working draft of an accepted manuscript with Palgrave Communications (Nature Research). For proper referencing, please use the following suggested citation:

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Environmental Kuznets Curves of Kitakyushu: 50-Year Time-Series Data of the OECD SDGs Pilot City

et al. 2019

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“…In Egypt, industrial NO X emissions decreased beginning in 2010. This was probably because of advances such as the switch from burning heavy fuel oil (mazout) to using compressed natural gas in brick factories (see Higazy et al 2019), while NO X emissions stemming from agriculture remained stagnant.…”

Section: Carbon Wealth In the Middle East And North Africa And Its Po...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Blue Skies, Blue Seas: Air Pollution, Marine Plastics, and Coastal Erosion in the Middle East and North Africa

Heger¹,

Vashold²,

Palacios³

et al. 2022

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Some rights reserved 1 2 3 4 25 24 23 22 This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.Nothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.

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“…Gaining the advantage of economies of scale over smaller firms, large firms are also able to consume fewer units of energy to produce a unit of output (Machado et al, 2016;Oh and Lee, 2016;Park et al, 2016). In addition, the energy sources in Kitakyushu city has been gradually shifted from coal and oil to natural gas and renewable energy since 1967, which leads to lower emissions of greenhouse gases and NO 2 (De Gouw et al, 2014;Higazy et al, 2019;OECD, 2013). With 66% of energy in Kitakyushu city is consumed by industrial activities and energy conversion is more affordable to larger industrial firms, the emissions of NO 2 and CO might be reduced as industrial firms grow.…”

Section: ) A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The trilemma of sustainable industrial growth: evidence from a piloting OECD’s Green city

Vuong

Nguyen

2019

Palgrave Commun

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Can green growth policies help protect the environment while keeping the industry growing and infrastructure expanding? The City of Kitakyushu, Japan has actively implemented eco-friendly policies since 1967 and recently inspired the pursuit of sustainable development around the world, especially in the Global South region. However, empirical studies on the effects of green growth policies are still lacking. This study explores the relationship between road infrastructure development and average industrial firm size with air pollution in the city through the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Non-linear Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) methods were applied on nearly 50-years' time series data, from 1967 to 2015. The results show that the shape of the EKC of industrial growth, measured by average firm size, depends on the type of air pollution: inverted N-shaped relationships with NO 2 and CO, and the U-shaped relationships with falling dust particle and O x. Regarding infrastructure development, on the one hand, our analysis shows a positive effect of road construction on alleviating the amount of falling dust and CO concentration. On the other hand, the emissions of NO 2 and O x are shown to rise when plotted against road construction. The decline of CO emission, when plotted against both industrial growth and road development, indicates that the ruthlessness of the local government in pursuing green growth policies has been effective in this case. However, the story is not straightforward when it comes to other air pollutants, which hints at the limits of the current policies. The case of Kitakyushu illustrates the complex dynamics of the interaction among policy, industry, infrastructure, and air pollution. It can serve as an important reference point for other cities in the Global South when policies are formed, and progress is measured in the pursuit of a green economy. Finally, as an OECD SDGs pilot city and the leading Asian green-growth city, policymakers in Kitakyushu city are recommended to revise the data policy to enhance the findability and interoperability of data, as well as to invest in the application of big data.

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Analytical Study of Fuel Switching from Heavy Fuel Oil to Natural Gas in clay brick factories at Arab Abu Saed, Greater Cairo

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Exploring Environmental Kuznets Curves of Kitakyushu: 50-Year Time-Series Data of the OECD SDGs Pilot City

Exploring Environmental Kuznets Curves of Kitakyushu: 50-Year Time-Series Data of the OECD SDGs Pilot City

Blue Skies, Blue Seas: Air Pollution, Marine Plastics, and Coastal Erosion in the Middle East and North Africa

The trilemma of sustainable industrial growth: evidence from a piloting OECD’s Green city

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