Analytical study on low-frequency ripple effect of battery charging

A Single- and Three-Phase Grid Compatible Converter for Electric Vehicle On-Board Chargers

“…The equivalent circuits with a 3-ϕ and 1-ϕ grid: (a) the 1-ϕ equivalent circuit with a 3-ϕ grid, and (b) the equivalent circuit with a 1-ϕ grid. Two requirements need to be satisfied: 1) the g I  needs to be controlled as (15), and 2) the capacitor Cf should store all double-line frequency power pulsation generated by the grid, 100 100 Cf vg…”

“…To increase the power density, [14] boldly directs the low frequency power pulsation into the batteries so the capacitance of the DC-link can be significantly reduced but the DC current provided by the OBC contains a large AC ripple at the doubleline frequency although the impact of the low frequency ripple current at to the batter is unclear. Some literature [15,16] shows that the current pulsation will cause an adverse impact on the battery [17] such as the temperature increase, the capacity degradation, and the gassing.…”

Reduced component, buck–boost converter for plug‐in electric vehicles with a current sensing‐based efficient NLCC technique

“…The size of battery terminal capacitor is given by the following equation [36]: where is the grid frequency and is the capacitor voltage ripple. In a single‐stage charger, a low‐frequency ripple (100 Hz) appears at the output stage [37]. To mitigate this low‐frequency ripple at the output stage, a higher value of the capacitor is chosen, however, it leads to increase the size of the electrolytic capacitor.…”

Power Factor Corrector Control Strategies of a Bidirectional Wireless Battery Charger With an Unfolding Active Rectifier

“…2]. However, experimental results of battery performance evaluations conclude that the effects of low frequency ripple are minimal, appearing as a suitable alternative for dc charging of EV [22].…”