Analyzing EEG waves to support the design of serious games for cognitive training

Mondéjar, Tania; Hervás, Ramón; Johnson, Esperanza; Gutiérrez-López-Franca, Carlos; Postigo, José Miguel Latorre

doi:10.1007/s12652-018-0841-0

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The results showed that various scenes during the gameplay caused differing types and intensities of emotion in each player, for example, the excitement from correctly hitting the target and frustration from missing the goal [128]. For visualization of the brain activity have been used two colors: the area of the brain that performs high activity used red color, and the area with low activity used green color to present emotions during the game [126,129]. Furthermore, many neurogaming methods have funded the research of affective states on the task engagement and the 2-Dimensional valence/arousal plane [130].…”

Section: Gamingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Often for treatment in conjunction with EEG headsets, the so-called "serious games" are used, a type of video games called in this way due to their special characteristics include such tasks beyond just leisure purpose, to detect any abnormal features and improve problems with attention [129,142]. Diverse mind-controlled games, "RehabNet" [148], "Harvest Challenge" [138], "Shooting" [139], "Magic Carpet" [143], "FOCUS" [142], "MindLight" [143,144], and "FarmerKeeper" [146], are instances of video games and serious games, which serve as neurofeedback training for patients that have cognitive issues, wherein the characters are controlled by signals changed in the brain and their patterns.…”

Section: Gamingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wireless Sensors for Brain Activity—A Survey

et al. 2020

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Over the last decade, the area of electroencephalography (EEG) witnessed a progressive move from high-end large measurement devices, relying on accurate construction and providing high sensitivity, to miniature hardware, more specifically wireless wearable EEG devices. While accurate, traditional EEG systems need a complex structure and long periods of application time, unwittingly causing discomfort and distress on the users. Given their size and price, aside from their lower sensitivity and narrower spectrum band(s), wearable EEG devices may be used regularly by individuals for continuous collection of user data from non-medical environments. This allows their usage for diverse, nontraditional, non-medical applications, including cognition, BCI, education, and gaming. Given the reduced need for standardization or accuracy, the area remains a rather incipient one, mostly driven by the emergence of new devices that represent the critical link of the innovation chain. In this context, the aim of this study is to provide a holistic assessment of the consumer-grade EEG devices for cognition, BCI, education, and gaming, based on the existing products, the success of their underlying technologies, as benchmarked by the undertaken studies, and their integration with current applications across the four areas. Beyond establishing a reference point, this review also provides the critical and necessary systematic guidance for non-medical EEG research and development efforts at the start of their investigation.

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Section: Gamingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gamingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Sensors for Brain Activity—A Survey

et al. 2020

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“…Early common predominant opinions mainly focused on VGs according to dichotomous thinking, as enjoyable entertainment or harmful tools [ 14 ]. The recent literature instead provided evidence on the impact of VGs on the brain and its functional modifications while playing [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ], showing that video games involve different cortical and subcortical structures, with cognitive and emotional competence, such as frontal and prefrontal regions, the posterior and superior parietal lobe, the anterior and posterior cingulate cortices, limbic areas, the amygdala, the entorhinal cortex and basal nuclei [ 1 , 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found prominent bioelectrical prefrontal activity during the performance related to executive functions (timely action, pattern learning, logical puzzles) and more global brain activity and a higher presence of alpha waves, or a greater activation of the temporal lobe, in the accurate action and mimic sequence. Similarly, they correlated higher magnitudes on frequency bands with five game mechanics in ten healthy children, who played with a VG platform for an average of about 20 min [ 16 ]. Theta waves, related to memory and emotions, were more significant in the five mechanics, while beta waves, related to concentration, were more prominent in only two.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Playing Brain. The Impact of Video Games on Cognition and Behavior in Pediatric Age at the Time of Lockdown: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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A growing number of children and adolescents play video games (VGs) for long amounts of time. The current outbreak of the Coronavirus pandemic has significantly reduced outdoor activities and direct interpersonal relationships. Therefore, a higher use of VGs can become the response to stress and fear of illness. VGs and their practical, academic, vocational and educational implications have become an issue of increasing interest for scholars, parents, teachers, pediatricians and youth public policy makers. The current systematic review aims to identify, in recent literature, the most relevant problems of the complex issue of playing VGs in children and adolescents in order to provide suggestions for the correct management of VG practice. The method used searches through standardized search operators using keywords related to video games and the link with cognition, cognitive control and behaviors adopted during the pandemic. Ninety-nine studies were reviewed and included, whereas twelve studies were excluded because they were educationally irrelevant. Any debate on the effectiveness of VGs cannot refer to a dichotomous approach, according to which VGs are rigidly ‘good’ or ‘bad’. VGs should be approached in terms of complexity and differentiated by multiple dimensions interacting with each other.

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“…Improve issues with speech-to-text and translate affecting tone analyzer data; • Improve and add dialogue options and responses to the sensorized toy [40]; • Add validation through the use of EEG [41][42][43], for any information that could be seen through those means, such as the activation of certain areas of the brain to do with emotional processing or communication;…”

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confidence: 99%

An Affective and Cognitive Toy to Support Mood Disorders

et al. 2020

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Affective computing is a branch of artificial intelligence that aims at processing and interpreting emotions. In this study, we implemented sensors/actuators into a stuffed toy mammoth, which allows the toy to have an affective and cognitive basis to its communication. The goal is for therapists to use this as a tool during their therapy sessions that work with patients with mood disorders. The toy detects emotion and provides a dialogue that would guide a session aimed at working with emotional regulation and perception. These technical capabilities are possible by employing IBM Watson’s services, implemented into a Raspberry Pi Zero. In this paper, we delve into its evaluation with neurotypical adolescents, a panel of experts, and other professionals. The evaluation aims were to perform a technical and application validation for use in therapy sessions. The results of the evaluations are generally positive, with an 87% accuracy for emotion recognition, and an average usability score of 77.5 for experts (n = 5), and 64.35 for professionals (n = 23). We add to that information some of the issues encountered, its effects on applicability, and future work to be done.

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Analyzing EEG waves to support the design of serious games for cognitive training

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Wireless Sensors for Brain Activity—A Survey

Wireless Sensors for Brain Activity—A Survey

The Playing Brain. The Impact of Video Games on Cognition and Behavior in Pediatric Age at the Time of Lockdown: A Systematic Review

An Affective and Cognitive Toy to Support Mood Disorders

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