Analyzing Methods for Increasing Designated Driving

Meier, Steven E.; Brigham, Thomas A.; Gilbert, Bo James

doi:10.1300/j005v17n01_01

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Using graduate student observers, they found an increase in designated drivers from a median of 3 for each baseline to 7.5 during the first intervention and to 7 during the replication. Meier, Brigham and Gilbert (1998) replicated the Brigham et al (1995) study in two college communities, with the addition of an advertising campaign in the college newspapers and free "munchies." One bar showed an increase in the mean number of designated drivers, but the other did not.…”

Section: Designateddriver Programsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preventive Interventions for On-Premise Drinking: A Promising but Underresearched Area of Prevention

Graham¹

2000

Contemporary Drug Problems

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Evidence is reviewed regarding the effectiveness of eight different approaches to the prevention of drinking driving, aggression, and other problems associated with drinking in licensed premises. Some evidence of positive effects was found for Responsible Beverage Service training (including mandatory training), laws holding servers liable for negative consequences due to intoxicated patrons, increased enforcement, ride services, and, to a lesser extent, designated-driver programs and community interventions broadly focused on on-premise drinking. House policies, risk assessments, and proactive policing showed promise but remain unproved in terms of direct effects on the prevention of problems. Codes of practice and patron education appear unlikely to be effective unless combined with enforcement or other interventions. Overall there has been an abundance of local and more extensive interventions to reduce problems in bars, but few have been rigorously evaluated. There is a need in future evaluations for strategically targeting and combining interventions according to a systematic analysis of the nature of the problem and hypothesized contributing factors.

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Section: Designateddriver Programsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased promotion of designated driver program in 3 college bars, an upscale downtown bar, and a country bar (Brigham et al, 1995;Meier et al, 1998).61 "I'm Smart," Syracuse (Molof et al, 1995).62 "SoberCab," Minneapolis (Molof et al, 1995…”

Section: Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive Interventions for On-Premise Drinking: A Promising but Underresearched Area of Prevention

Graham¹

2000

Contemporary Drug Problems

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“…En primer lugar, como en otro estudio, la valoración de la verdadera CAS fue un elemento sólido en esta investigación: constituye un indicador empírico de la verdadera conducta del conductor durante la noche 9 . Lamentablemente, los resultados del presente estudio no se pueden comparar con los resultados de la evaluación de otros programas de conductor designado ensayados previamente, ya que estos últimos se basaban en la eficacia de la intervención para incrementar el número de CD y no tenían en cuenta lo que habían bebido durante la noche [4][5][6][7] .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…9 Unfortunately, the findings of the present study are not comparable with the results of the evaluation of other designated driver programs previously illustrated, as those results were based on the effectiveness of the intervention to increase the number of DDs and didn't consider how much they had drunk during the night. [4][5][6][7] Second, from the field staff's experience, it should be noted that designated driver interventions do not consider at all the use of psychoactive substances, which also may have negative effects on the driver's capacity. 12 If a DD doesn't drink, s/he could easily get the incentive even if s/he used drugs during the night.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two positive effects demonstrated by this approach are: (i) a 6.5% decrease in the number of bar-goers who reported driving, or traveling with a driver, with a BAC >0.5 g/l in the previous four weeks; 5 and (ii) an increasing number of people describing themselves as DDs. 6,7 According to the Harvard Alcohol Project the benefits of the designated driver programs are that they promote the social norm of abstinence from alcohol consumption, offer a specific and practical way to avoid DUI and encourage proactive behavior as regards self-monitoring alcohol intake. tos negativos: el número de conductores que se autodefinen como CD retoman sus costumbres en cuanto se retiran los incentivos, y existen discrepancias entre el CD ideal y la conducta real 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluación de una intervención con conductores designados para prevenir los accidentes de tráfico provocados por el alcohol en las discotecas de Milán, Italia

Aresi¹,

Fornari²,

Repetto³

et al. 2009

Adicciones

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Asociación Ala Milano Onlus -Primaepoi.it projectObjective. The present study is an evaluation of a designated driver intervention. The objectives were: (1) to verify the intervention assumption, which is that offering incentives, linked to a positive result of the breathalyser test (<0.5 g/l) when leaving the club, leads to a decrease in the percentage of drivers leaving the club with a BAC above the legal limit; (2) to understand the reason why drivers take part in the intervention and assess whether the operation was effective in lowering the amount of alcohol consumed during the night; (3) to verify the assumption that there is a bias in the selection of designated drivers. Method: Pre-experimental research design with a control group and no Method: Pre-experimental research design with a control group and no Method: pre-test. The two conditions of the independent variable were: presence or absence of the "Safe Driver" intervention. A group of drivers who took part in the intervention (DDs N=124) was compared with a group that did not (non-DDs N=139). Results. (1) DDs' mean BAC was significantly lower than non-DDs', but (2) the incentive motivated just 5% of DDs to drink less, and (3) there is a bias in the selection of DDs that present a lower drinking risk profile than non-DDs. Discussion. The effectiveness of the intervention doesn't seem to be supported by strong evidence. The free-entrance incentive is not effective in motivating drivers to drink less. More research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of designated driver interventions where the bias in the selection of drivers has been removed, by, for example, using other incentives and to have a clear understanding of designated drivers' risk profile. Key words: alcohol, blood alcohol concentration (BAC), designated driver, driving under the influence (DUI), evaluation. RESUMEN ABSTRACTObjetivo. El presente estudio es una evaluación de una intervención con conductores designados (CD). Los objetivos eran: (1) verificar la base de la intervención, que es dar incentivos vinculados a un resultado positivo en la prueba de alcoholemia (<0.5 g/l) al salir de la discoteca, lo cual redunda en un descenso en el porcentaje de conductores que salían de la discoteca con una CAS superior al límite; (2) comprender las razones de los conductores para participar en la intervención y valorar si la operación fue efectiva para rebajar la cantidad de alcohol consumido durante la noche; (3) comprobar si hay parcialidad en la selección de conductores designados. Método. Diseño de investigación pre-experimental con un grupo de control y sin pre-test. Las dos condiciones de la variable independiente fueron: presencia o ausencia de la intervención del «Conductor Seguro». Se comparó a un grupo de conductores que participaron en la intervención (CD N=124) con un grupo que no participó (no-CD N=139). Resultados.(1) La CAS media de los CD fue significativamente más baja que la de los no-CD, pero (2) el incentivo hizo que el 5% de los CD bebiesen menos, y (3) hay parcialidad e...

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Effectiveness of Designated Driver Programs for Reducing Alcohol-Impaired Driving

Ditter

Elder

Shults

et al. 2005

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Analyzing Methods for Increasing Designated Driving

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Preventive Interventions for On-Premise Drinking: A Promising but Underresearched Area of Prevention

Preventive Interventions for On-Premise Drinking: A Promising but Underresearched Area of Prevention

Evaluación de una intervención con conductores designados para prevenir los accidentes de tráfico provocados por el alcohol en las discotecas de Milán, Italia

Effectiveness of Designated Driver Programs for Reducing Alcohol-Impaired Driving

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