Analyzing or Explaining Beta Diversity? Understanding the Targets of Different Methods of Analysis

Tuomisto, Hanna; Ruokolainen, Kalle

doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2697:aoebdu]2.0.co;2

Cited by 272 publications

(285 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This distance-based approach is highly efficient in analyzing spatial patterns in community similarity, i.e., variation in beta diversity (Nekola and White 1999;Tuomisto and Ruokolainen 2006;Soininen et al 2007b). When a raw data approach, such as RDA, and Mantel test reflect different aspects of beta diversity (Tuomisto and Ruokolainen 2006), these can be used in combination to explain and analyze the patterns in beta diversity and to give different insights into the community variability (Wang et al 2008). In short, the Mantel test is a correlation of distance matrices.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, we examine the correlation between pairwise community similarity and geographical and environmental distance between the sites (Nekola and White 1999; Green et al 2004;Soininen et al 2007b). This distance-based approach is highly efficient in analyzing spatial patterns in community similarity, i.e., beta diversity (Tuomisto and Ruokolainen 2006). We have two predictions.…”

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confidence: 98%

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Disentangling the spatial patterns in community composition of prokaryotic and eukaryotic lake plankton

Soininen

Korhonen

Karhu

et al. 2011

Limnology & Oceanography

136

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We sampled 100 small lakes in Finland for bacterio-, phyto-, and zooplankton. The lakes were located in five drainage systems, 20 lakes for each system. We tested two main predictions: that the correlation between community similarity and geographical distance (spatial distance decay) is stronger at the across-drainage than at the within-drainage system scale, and that spatial distance decay is strongest for zooplankton and weakest for bacteria. We used a combination of direct ordination, multivariate statistical tests, and distance-based approaches to examine spatial patterns in our data. Our analyses confirmed both of our predictions. Spatial distance decay was scale-dependent; communities were overall weakly spatially structured within the drainage systems, yet distance decay was significant for all planktonic groups across drainage systems. Spatial distance decay was stronger for zooplankton, with higher slopes and shorter halving distances, than for phytoplankton and bacteria. These results provide evidence that distance decay of similarity is related to study scale, environment, and organism characteristics. Planktonic communities may be controlled by both dispersal-driven assembly and local ecological determinism, with the balance between these two forces depending on study scale.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Disentangling the spatial patterns in community composition of prokaryotic and eukaryotic lake plankton

Soininen

Korhonen

Karhu

et al. 2011

Limnology & Oceanography

136

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“…The Mantel test can be considered a "distance approach" because the input data are in the form of distance matrices, based on the raw data, and it has been extensively used throughout the ecological literature (Tuomisto & Ruokolainen 2006). We used the software XL-STAT (Addinsoft 2007) for this test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of beta diversity in local gall-inducing arthropod distribution

Medianero¹,

Ibáñez²,

Nieves‐Aldrey³

2010

Neotrop. entomol.

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-Many studies over the past twenty years have documented the richness of arthropod galling species around the world, and some have proposed hypotheses to explain local and global patterns of galling species richness. However, few studies have been directed toward understanding how the gall-inducing species are locally distributed. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of gall-inducing arthropods species at Coiba National Park, a tropical habitat on the Pacifi c coast of Panama. Our results suggest that more gall-inducing species had an aggregated distribution, and gall-inducing arthropod diversity shows a strong beta diversity component. Geographic distance was not correlated with similarity in gall-inducing species composition between the studied sites. This fact has important implications when trying to estimate gall-inducing arthropod richness and general patterns, and could cause contradictory results for hypotheses that attempt to explain the local and global patterns of galling species richness.KEY WORDS: Coiba Island, geographic distribution, Panama, plant communityThe induction of plant gall is the result of a complex association between insects and plants (Shorthouse et al 2005). Galls represent a complex series of interactions between the tissues of a plant and another living organism, more frequently an insect. The understanding of these interactions involves studies in many scientifi c fi elds, from systematics to ecology, but also morphology, physiology, biological control, evolutionary biology or agricultural and forest entomology (Mani 1964. Gallinducing species are excellent models for ecological studies due to their abundance, diversity and sessile habit, which make them easier to census than free-feeding herbivores and thus allowing species diversity comparisons among different habitats (Fernandes & Price 1988).During the past twenty years, many studies have documented galling insect lists and galling species richness around the world (see Veldtman & McGeoch 2003. There are also data regarding factors that affect local and regional gall richness and thus infer global patterns in local number of insect galling species . However, few studies have been directed toward understanding how the gall-inducing species are locally distributed. Understanding spatial patterns of species distribution is a crucial topic in ecology and conservation biology; for instance, when predicting species richness from local to regional scales (Gering & Crist 2002). An important problem when comparing studies of gallinducing arthropods richness is the use of different sampling methods (Dalbem & Mendonça 2006). But, independent of sampling methods, one result that remains consistent across all studies is that local distribution of gall-inducing arthropods shows low similarity between the sampled sites (see Blanche & Westoby 1996, Gonçalves-Alvin & Fernandes 2001, Cuevas-Reyes et al 2003, Medianero et al 2003. This low similarity between the sampled sites has important implications when trying t...

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“…To examine variation in phylobetadiversity within the nine sample groups (those with sample numberX10, Table 1), we used a distance-based approach (Martiny et al, 2006;Tuomisto and Ruokolainen, 2006) akin to distance-decay analysis where phylogenetic dissimilarity is related to spatial and environmental distance among sampled communities. Environmental distance was measured as Euclidean distance using all environmental variables standardized to have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic beta diversity in bacterial assemblages across ecosystems: deterministic versus stochastic processes

et al. 2013

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Increasing evidence has emerged for non-random spatial distributions of microbes, but knowledge of the processes that cause variation in microbial assemblage among ecosystems is lacking. For instance, some studies showed that deterministic processes such as habitat specialization are important, while other studies hold that bacterial communities are assembled by stochastic forces. Here we examine the relative influence of deterministic and stochastic processes for bacterial communities from subsurface environments, stream biofilm, lake water, lake sediment and soil using pyrosequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. We show that there is a general pattern in phylogenetic signal in species ecological niches across recent evolutionary time for all studied habitats, enabling us to infer the influences of community assembly processes from patterns of phylogenetic turnover in community composition. The phylogenetic dissimilarities among-habitat types were significantly higher than within them, and the communities were clustered according to their original habitat types. For communities within-habitat types, the highest phylogenetic turnover rate through space was observed in subsurface environments, followed by stream biofilm on mountainsides, whereas the sediment assemblages across regional scales showed the lowest turnover rate. Quantifying phylogenetic turnover as the deviation from a null expectation suggested that measured environmental variables imposed strong selection on bacterial communities for nearly all sample groups. For three sample groups, spatial distance reflected unmeasured environmental variables that impose selection, as opposed to spatial isolation. Such characterization of spatial and environmental variables proved essential for proper interpretation of partial Mantel results based on observed beta diversity metrics. In summary, our results clearly indicate a dominant role of deterministic processes on bacterial assemblages and highlight that bacteria show strong habitat associations that have likely emerged through evolutionary adaptation.

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Analyzing or Explaining Beta Diversity? Understanding the Targets of Different Methods of Analysis

Cited by 272 publications

References 26 publications

Disentangling the spatial patterns in community composition of prokaryotic and eukaryotic lake plankton

Disentangling the spatial patterns in community composition of prokaryotic and eukaryotic lake plankton

The importance of beta diversity in local gall-inducing arthropod distribution

Phylogenetic beta diversity in bacterial assemblages across ecosystems: deterministic versus stochastic processes

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