Analyzing Sharing in Peer-to-Peer Networks Under Various Congestion Measures

Abstract

H istorically, the use of peer-to-peer (P2P) networks has been limited primarily to user-initiated exchanges of (mostly music) files over the Internet. This traditional view of P2P networks is changing, however, and the use of P2P networks has been suggested for delivering general-purpose content over the Web (or corporate intranets), even in real time. We analyze sharing in a P2P community in this new context under three different congestion measures: delay, jitter, and packet loss. Sharing is important to study in the presence of congestion because most existing research on P2P networks views congestion in the network as a relatively insignificant criterion. However, when delivering general-purpose content, congestion and its relationship to sharing is a critical factor that influences end-user performance. This paper looks at P2P networks from this new perspective by explicitly considering the effects of congestion on user incentives for sharing. We also propose a simple incentive mechanism that induces socially optimal sharing.

Spotting Lemons in Platform Markets: A Conjoint Experiment on Signaling

“…Second, they imply that platform designers must incorporate signaling functionality in a platform such as through persistent contributor and content ratings management systems, making this data easy to use, and exercising input control and authentication to regulate new user selection. This aspect of platform design, by highlighting the consumer-facing considerations, complements prior studies that have focused on how their architecture and design affects supply-side challenges such as performance optimization and externality generation (e.g., [2], [19], [21]). Our study thus is a first step to answer Androutsellis-Theotokis' [2] call for research on design attributes that are critical to the functioning of such platforms.…”

“…The second set of studies has focused on their design, both from a technical architecture perspective and from a governance perspective. For example, how their architecture affects performance [19], [21], their governance [13], [45], and the interplay between architecture and governance [41]. This focus on the supply side of platforms has left open the important issue of how users on the consumptionside of such platforms discern content integrity.…”

Does Give-and-Take Really Matter? Dynamics of Social Interactions in Social Network

“…Under such weak tie, the user may expect reactions from their friends such as commenting and liking when they post or comment something. Previous literature adopts various concepts of "user activity," which designates the behavioral orientation related to digital content [6,20]. In this study, we posit that all these activities can be largely categorized either as "self-oriented usages" (e.g., posting on one's own wall) or "other-oriented usages" (e.g., posting on friends' wall) based on its behavioral orientations [13].…”

Vanishing files: protocols and regulations for immaterial documents

“…Communication to all ends can occur after several attempts to send with no response received from the end. The fog architecture is inspired by peer-to-peer programs that exploit the feature of a multi-channel network (Johar et al, 2011). Unlike many peer-to-peer programs, fog does not provide either a server acting as a directory or query services.…”