Analyzing the impact of thermophoresis particle deposition and magnetohydrodynamic cross‐flow of Williamson hybrid nanofluids across a permeable deformable surface

Abstract

The need to examine the thermal transport of hybrid nanofluids has arisen from the need for improved heat transfer to control the rising heat density of small‐scale and many other technical procedures. Hybrid nanofluids are made up of two different kinds of nanoparticles suspended in the primary fluid. This improves the ability of regular fluids to transport heat and makes them better heat exponents than nanofluids. In this study, we evaluate the cross‐flow and heat transport characteristics of Williamson hybrid nanofluid across an extendable surface. The impacts of thermal radiation, non‐uniform heat sources, and magnetic effects are provoked in this study. The set of partial different equations is obtained as a result of the theoretical formulation. The similarity variables are hired to get the ordinary differential equations. The bvp4c solver is availed to compute the numerical dual solutions for different physical parameters. The results indicate that the friction factor is enhanced due to the presence of magnetic, suction, and Williamson parameters. Whereas, the heat transfer rate decreases due to Williamson and magnetic parameters, whilst the opposite impact is seen due to suction. Moreover, the Williamson parameter reduces the Sherwood number, whereas the suction uplifts the Sherwood number.