“…The current research on industrial agglomeration, agricultural agglomeration and environmental pollution has been widely studied by domestic and foreign scholars from different perspectives.Firstly, studies on industrial agglomeration mainly involve: the definition of the concept of industrial agglomeration by Alfred, M (2013), Alfred, W(1929), Joseph (1983, Edgar (1975), Michael(1990); the reasons for the formation of industrial agglomeration, such as spatial costs (Henry 1992), regional house price differences (Zhou and Zhang 2021), and marketization (Wenfang Anlu 2021); the regional economic effects of industrial agglomeration, such as promoting technological progress (Hou et al 2021), optimizing resource allocation (Zhang and Lin 2022), and reducing pollution emissions (Zhuang et al 2021); and the measurement of industrial agglomeration, such as the Herfindahl index (Qiu and Wu 2010), concentration index (Dong et al 2021), Gini coefficient (Chang and Oxley 2009), and locational entropy index (Sikorski and Brezden 2021).Secondly, studies on agricultural agglomeration mainly concern: the causes of agricultural agglomeration formation, including the improvement of technology and human capital (Griffith et al 2004;Rosenthal and Strange 2004), technology exchange (XIAO and LI 2014), demonstration and learning effects (Xu et al 2022), and artificial intelligence [(WANG 2021); the spatial and temporal evolutionary trends of agricultural agglomeration (Chi et al 2022;Li and Li 2022;FU et al 2021;Ni and Wang 2018); and the economic effects of agricultural agglomeration, including promoting the economic growth of agricultural industries (He et al 2021;Wang and Liu 2012;Hailu and Deaton 2016), facilitating labor productivity (TVETERAS and BATTESE 2006;Xin and Qin 2011), boosting agricultural industrialization , and advancing the income level of farmers (Balezentis and Sapolaite 2020). Finall...…”