Anaphylaxis Related to Passive Second-Hand Exposure to Cannabis sativa Cigarette Smoke in Adolescents

IgE-Mediated Allergy and Asymptomatic Sensitization to Cannabis Allergens—Review of Current Knowledge and Presentation of Six Cases

“…These are relatively mild symptoms, but it is important to remember that the course of anaphylaxis may be violent. Gilbert et al [ 24 ] report a case of anaphylaxis after intravenous administration of cannabis while Cabrera-Freitag et al [ 25 ] described anaphylaxis induced by passive second-hand exposure to C. sativa cigarette smoke. In the first case, there was generalized urticaria, difficulty breathing, and wheezing.…”

Municipal regulation of cannabis and public health in Canada: A comparison of Alberta, Ontario, and Québec

“…Cannabis smoking releases many carcinogens, with some studies reporting that second-hand cannabis smoking (SHCS) is associated with increased heart rate, a "pleasant" psychoactive effect, psychomotor and working memory impairment, as well as eye and mucous irritation (Holitzki et al, 2017;Wei et al, 2019). Some studies reported severe allergic reactions to SHCS by children and adolescents (Cabrera-Freitag et al, 2019;Hoffman et al, 2018) and cross-sectional surveys found an increased prevalence of: viral respiratory infections, ear infection, asthma, bronchitis/bronchiolitis; notably, among children of caregivers who smoke cannabis (Johnson et al, 2021;Posis et al, 2019).…”

“…Cannabis smoking releases many carcinogens, with some studies reporting that second‐hand cannabis smoking (SHCS) is associated with increased heart rate, a “pleasant” psychoactive effect, psychomotor and working memory impairment, as well as eye and mucous irritation (Holitzki et al., 2017; Wei et al., 2019). Some studies reported severe allergic reactions to SHCS by children and adolescents (Cabrera‐Freitag et al., 2019; Hoffman et al., 2018) and cross‐sectional surveys found an increased prevalence of: viral respiratory infections, ear infection, asthma, bronchitis/bronchiolitis; notably, among children of caregivers who smoke cannabis (Johnson et al., 2021; Posis et al., 2019). In addition, cannabinoids from SHCS can be detected among nonsmokers, which can constitute a problem for individuals in safety sensitive positions, workplaces enforcing zero‐tolerance policies or drivers intercepted on the road that may be tested positive for cannabis, but were not impaired (Herrmann et al., 2015; Holitzki et al., 2017).…”

Lipid transfer protein allergy: A review of current controversies

“…25,[77][78][79][80][81] Finally, LTP sensitization may be initiated by the inhalation/contact of Cannabis LTP, Can s 3, even via passive smoke, as demonstrated even in paediatric patients who had developed LTP-triggered anaphylaxis after a second-hand exposure to cannabis smoke. 82 Cannabis LTP sensitization might precede the development of food allergy [83][84][85][86][87][88] and therefore represents a further form of LTP sensitization even in other geographical areas, rather than the endemic regions (e.g., Mediterranean), such as northern Europe. [85][86][87] An important factor able to influence the clinical outcome of patients sensitized to LTP is the presence or absence of co-sensitization to PR-10 or profilins.…”

“…Occupational allergy to LTP has been reported in workplaces involved in the processing of different foods 25,77‐81 . Finally, LTP sensitization may be initiated by the inhalation/contact of Cannabis LTP, Can s 3, even via passive smoke, as demonstrated even in paediatric patients who had developed LTP‐triggered anaphylaxis after a second‐hand exposure to cannabis smoke 82 . Cannabis LTP sensitization might precede the development of food allergy 83–88 and therefore represents a further form of LTP sensitization even in other geographical areas, rather than the endemic regions (e.g., Mediterranean), such as northern Europe 85–87 …”