Anaplastic Carcinoma in Mucinous Ovarian Tumors

Provenza, Claudia; Young, Robert H.; Prat, Jaime

doi:10.1097/pas.0b013e3181451b93

Cited by 91 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Sarcoma-like mural nodules have no adverse prognostic impact [ 5 ]. A study including 34 patients with mucinous ovarian tumors and nodules of anaplastic carcinoma found that the presence of anaplastic nodules in unruptured stage I mucinous tumors did not carry an adverse prognosis [ 79 ]. MBT with anaplastic carcinoma should be classified according to its carcinomatous component.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovarian borderline tumors in the 2014 WHO classification: evolving concepts and diagnostic criteria

et al. 2016

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Borderline ovarian tumors (BOT) are uncommon but not rare epithelial ovarian neoplasms, intermediate between benign and malignant categories. Since BOT were first identified >40 years ago, they have inspired controversies disproportionate to their incidence. This review discusses diagnostic criteria for the histologic subtypes of BOT, highlighting areas of diagnostic challenges, ongoing controversies, and changes in terminology implemented by the recent 2014 WHO Classification of Tumours of the Female Genital Organs. Emerging knowledge supports the notion that subtypes of borderline ovarian tumors comprise distinct biologic, pathogenetic, and molecular entities, precluding a single unifying concept for BOT. Serous borderline tumors (SBT) share molecular and genetic alterations with low-grade serous carcinomas and can present at higher stages with peritoneal implants and/or lymph node involvement, which validates their borderline malignant potential. All other (non-serous) subtypes of BOT commonly present at stage I confined to the ovary(ies) and are associated with overall survival approaching that of the general population. An important change in the WHO 2014 classification is the new terminology of non-invasive implants associated with SBT, as any invasive foci (previously called “invasive implants”) are now in line with their biological behavior considered peritoneal low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSC). The controversy regarding the terminology of non-serous borderline tumors, called by some pathologists “atypical proliferative tumor” in view of their largely benign behavior, has not been resolved. The concepts of intraepithelial carcinoma and microinvasion may evolve in further studies, as their presence appears to have no prognostic impact and is subject to considerable inter-observer variability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovarian borderline tumors in the 2014 WHO classification: evolving concepts and diagnostic criteria

et al. 2016

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“…Anaplastic tumors occurring in various organs, such as lung, pancreas, kidney, and thyroid, have high malignancy grade. Anaplastic tumor did not involve the prognosis of stage IA seromucinous borderline malignancies [29]. The differential diagnosis between an anaplastic tumor and a sarcomatous tumor is important for their proper treatment, because each tumor has a different prognosis [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaplastic carcinoma in ovarian seromucinous cystic tumor of borderline malignancy

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe mortality rate of ovarian cancer is the highest among all gynecological malignancies in Japan. Ovarian tumors are classified as benign, borderline malignant, or malignant. Anticipating the histological subtype with imaging only is often difficult because of several histological subtypes of epithelial ovarian tumors (such as serous, mucinous, endometrioid, clear cell, and Brenner tumors). In addition, the majority of mucinous tumors in the ovary are metastatic. Furthermore, mucinous tumors belong to one of the two different subclasses (i.e., intestinal and seromucinous types). Ovarian seromucinous cystic tumors of borderline malignancy are infrequent and only rarely coexist with other malignant tumors.Case presentationWe have reported a 53-year-old Japanese woman with anaplastic carcinoma in an ovarian seromucinous cystic tumor of borderline malignancy. Her MRI and CT analysis revealed an ovarian tumor with a mural nodule, ascites, and peritoneal dissemination. Enhanced MRI revealed that the mural nodule was enhanced. Enhanced CT analysis revealed that the lymph nodes were not swollen. Intriguingly, the mural nodule crossed the cyst wall into the cavity and onto the surface. Her laboratory data revealed high serum CA 125 level. Cumulatively, these results suggested ovarian malignancy. The patient underwent hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, and resection of the disseminated lesions. Lymph node biopsy was omitted because of the suggestion of enhanced CT image findings and palpation during surgery. Her postoperative specimen examination determined FIGO at least stage IIIB, and accordingly, adjuvant chemotherapy was prescribed. After 3 years of the operation, the patient is presently alive without clinical tumor recurrences.ConclusionImaging studies with pathognomonic findings contributed to ovarian cancer diagnosis in this case. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in English literature to report detailed classification of mucinous borderline malignancy, seromucinous cystic, and anaplastic carcinoma in an ovarian seromucinous cystic tumor of borderline malignancy.

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“…[ 3 ] Anaplastic carcinomatous nodules generally have spindled and rhabdoid cells with unequivocal cytologic features of a high-grade malignancy, and are associated with intraepithelial or invasive mucinous carcinoma in 72% of cases. [ 6 ] Atypical inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors may resemble SLMNs possibly due toa florid reaction to intramural hemorrhage or spilling of mucinous material in cystic ovarian tumors. In contrast to SLMNs that occur in association with an epithelial tumor, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors have a predilection for relatively younger patients, appear de novo , and are larger and less well circumscribed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcoma-like mural nodule in a borderline mucinous tumor of the ovary: A rare entity

Ghosh¹,

Kaushik²,

Bhowmik³

2014

J Mid-life Health

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Sarcoma-like mural nodule (SLMN) is a very uncommon and misleading benign entity which may be associated with benign, borderline or malignant mucinous neoplasm of the ovary. It should be distinguished from other malignant mural nodules with sarcoma, carcinosarcoma or anaplastic carcinoma for proper management. We report a rare case of SLMN in a borderline mucinous tumor of the ovary in a 30-year-old lady. In spite of having confusing histopathological features the final diagnosis was made depending on the younger age of the patient, well circumscription of the nodule, absence of vascular invasion and immunohistochemical profile.

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Anaplastic Carcinoma in Mucinous Ovarian Tumors

Cited by 91 publications

References 24 publications

Ovarian borderline tumors in the 2014 WHO classification: evolving concepts and diagnostic criteria

Ovarian borderline tumors in the 2014 WHO classification: evolving concepts and diagnostic criteria

Anaplastic carcinoma in ovarian seromucinous cystic tumor of borderline malignancy

Sarcoma-like mural nodule in a borderline mucinous tumor of the ovary: A rare entity

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